The modeling of continuous transfers of carbon (C) and nitrogen (N) previously published in the literature has paid little attention to the functional role of micro-organisms. In general, only monoculture systems have been modeled. Furthermore, there have been few experiments under field conditions at farm scale, where clear evidence for the benefits of intercropping is lacking. This work focus on mechanistic modeling approaches based on the ecological functioning of the microbial biomass, to quantify the daily exchange of C and N between plant organs, micro-organisms, rhizobial symbionts, soil compartments and the atmosphere in an arable intercropping system. The MOMOS model was validated on C and N data collected from a common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L. cv. El Djadida) and maize (Zea mays L. cv. Filou) intercropping system. The experiment was performed at two field sites that were chosen with farmers to represent both high and low soil P availability. The results show that all C and N exchanges were successfully predicted at 5% significance and that they depend on the phenological stage, especially the flowering stage. Increased C allocation from photosynthesis to roots contributed to increasing both grain yield and N grain for intercropped maize. C and N stocks in the common bean nodules were lower in intercropping than in monocultures, and this is associated with the decrease of total atmospheric nitrogen (N₂) fixation by intercropped common beans, in particular with a high soil P. However, the rate of N₂ fixation was higher in the intercrops than in the monoculture when the soil is P-deficient. Micro-organisms were responsible for most of the C losses from the soil to the atmosphere but intercropping significantly reduced the C losses by improving micro-organism C use efficiency. These results uncover the strong link between N and C stocks, confirming the robustness of the newly formulated MOMOS equations that are validated in this paper. This agroecological modeling experiment demonstrated the functional role of microbial biomass, in both the growth of the intercrops crop and their symbiosis, improving the prediction of the daily C and N flows between plant organs, soil compartments and the atmosphere.

先前在文献中发表的碳（C）和氮（N）连续转移的模型很少关注微生物的功能。通常，仅对单一养殖系统进行了建模。此外，在农田规模的田间条件下进行的试验很少，缺乏关于间作的好处的明确证据。这项工作的重点是基于微生物生物量的生态功能的机械建模方法，以量化耕作间作系统中植物器官，微生物，根瘤菌共生体，土壤隔室和大气之间的碳和氮每日交换量。对MOMOS模型进行了验证，该模型基于从普通豆（菜豆（Phaseolus vulgaris L. cv。El Djadida））和玉米（玉米）中收集的C和N数据进行验证。L.简历 Filou）间作系统。该实验是在两个田间地点进行的，与农民一起选择了这两个地点，以分别代表土壤磷的高和低有效性。结果表明，所有C和N交换均被成功预测为5％的显着性，并且它们取决于物候阶段，尤其是开花阶段。从光合作用到根系的碳分配增加，使间作玉米的籽粒产量和氮素含量均增加。间作中普通豆节结中的C和N储量要比单一栽培中的低，这与间作普通豆，特别是土壤P高的土壤中固定的总大气氮（N ₂）减少有关。的N ₂当土壤缺磷时，间作作物的固着率高于单一栽培。微生物是造成土壤从土壤到大气中大部分碳流失的原因，但间作通过提高微生物碳的利用效率，大大降低了碳流失。这些结果揭示了N和C股票之间的紧密联系，证实了本文中验证的新制定的MOMOS方程的鲁棒性。这项农业生态模拟实验证明了微生物生物量在间作作物的生长及其共生中的功能性作用，从而改善了对植物器官，土壤区室和大气之间的每日C和N流量的预测。