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Physiological electric fields induce directional migration of mammalian cranial neural crest cells
Developmental Biology ( IF 2.7 ) Pub Date : 2020-12-24 , DOI: 10.1016/j.ydbio.2020.12.011
Abijeet Singh Mehta 1 , Pin Ha 2 , Kan Zhu 1 , ShiYu Li 1 , Kang Ting 2 , Chia Soo 3 , Xinli Zhang 2 , Min Zhao 1
Affiliation  

During neurulation, cranial neural crest cells (CNCCs) migrate long distances from the neural tube to their terminal site of differentiation. The pathway traveled by the CNCCs defines the blueprint for craniofacial construction, abnormalities of which contribute to three-quarters of human birth defects. Biophysical cues like naturally occurring electric fields (EFs) have been proposed to be one of the guiding mechanisms for CNCC migration from the neural tube to identified position in the branchial arches. Such endogenous EFs can be mimicked by applied EFs of physiological strength that has been reported to guide the migration of amphibian and avian neural crest cells (NCCs), namely galvanotaxis or electrotaxis. However, the behavior of mammalian NCCs in external EFs has not been reported. We show here that mammalian CNCCs migrate towards the anode in direct current (dc) EFs. Reversal of the field polarity reverses the directedness. The response threshold was below 30 ​mV/mm and the migration directedness and displacement speed increased with increase in field strength. Both CNCC line (O9-1) and primary mouse CNCCs show similar galvanotaxis behavior. Our results demonstrate for the first time that the mammalian CNCCs respond to physiological EFs by robust directional migration towards the anode in a voltage-dependent manner.



中文翻译:

生理电场诱导哺乳动物颅神经嵴细胞定向迁移

在神经发育过程中,颅神经嵴细胞 (CNCC) 从神经管长距离迁移到其分化的终端部位。CNCC 所走过的路径定义了颅面构造的蓝图,颅面构造的异常导致了四分之三的人类出生缺陷。已经提出像自然发生的电场 (EFs) 这样的生物物理线索是 CNCC 从神经管迁移到鳃弓中确定位置的引导机制之一。这种内源性 EFs 可以通过应用生理强度的 EFs 来模拟,据报道这种 EFs 可以指导两栖动物和鸟类神经嵴细胞 (NCCs) 的迁移,即趋电性或趋电性。然而,尚未报道哺乳动物 NCC 在外部 EF 中的行为。我们在这里展示了哺乳动物 CNCC 在直流 (dc) EF 中向阳极迁移。场极性的反转使方向性反转。响应阈值低于 30 mV/mm,迁移方向性和位移速度随着场强的增加而增加。CNCC 线 (O9-1) 和主要鼠标 CNCC 都显示出相似的趋电行为。我们的研究结果首次证明,哺乳动物 CNCCs 通过以电压依赖性方式向阳极的稳健定向迁移对生理 EFs 作出反应。

更新日期:2020-12-24
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