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Dynamics of N-P-K demand and uptake in cassava
Agronomy for Sustainable Development ( IF 7.3 ) Pub Date : 2020-12-24 , DOI: 10.1007/s13593-020-00649-w
Joy Geraldine Adiele , Antonius G. T. Schut , Kodjovi S. Ezui , Pieter Pypers , Ken E. Giller

Fertilizers are required to improve productivity of cassava and meet the increasing demand for cassava as food, feed, or raw material for processing industries. Our objective was to develop nutrition indices for N, P, and K to provide quantitative insight in the dynamics of nutrient demand and uptake of cassava. On-farm experiments were conducted at six locations in Nigeria from 2016 to 2018, across the major cassava growing agro-ecologies of West Africa. Nitrogen, P, and K were applied at different rates. Uptake of nutrients was measured in leaves, stems, and storage roots at 4, 8, and 12 or 14 months after planting (MAP) and used to construct NPK dilution curves and nutrition indices. About 67, 61, and 52% of total N, P, and K were taken up at 4 MAP, with a maximum uptake rate of 0.21, 0.03, and 0.12 g/m2/d for N, P, and K, respectively. Nutrient concentrations in stems and storage roots declined gradually, in contrast to concentrations in the leaves that fluctuated within narrow ranges. Dilution curves and nutrition indices for N, P, and K were established for the first time in cassava. Dilution curves of N, P, and K in the crop for the highest NPK application treatment were described as Nc = 82DM−0.61, Pc = 7.4DM−0.54, and Kc = 43DM−0.54, when total biomass was between 5 and 57 t/ha dry matter (DM). The nutrition indices were linearly related to relative crop biomass. Insight into the nutrient uptake and dilution patterns during the growth cycle can help to understand the temporal nutrient demands of cassava and identify sustainable management practices. Initial ample supply of N and P and moderate K, with extra K top-dress during the second growth phase, will benefit cassava growth and yield. Furthermore, such information provides a basis to develop a dynamic model to simulate nutrient-limited growth of cassava.



中文翻译:

木薯NPK需求和吸收的动态

需要肥料以提高木薯的生产力并满足对木薯作为食品,饲料或加工业原料的日益增长的需求。我们的目标是开发N,P和K的营养指数,以提供对营养需求和木薯吸收动态的定量见解。2016年至2018年,在尼日利亚的六个地点开展了农场试验,横跨西非主要的木薯种植农业生态环境。氮,磷和钾的施用量不同。在种植后4、8和12或14个月(MAP)测量叶片,茎和贮藏根中养分的吸收,并用于建立NPK稀释曲线和营养指数。在4 MAP时吸收了总N,P和K的约67、61和52%,最大吸收速率为0.21、0.03和0.12 g / m 2/ d分别代表N,P和K。茎和贮藏根中的养分浓度逐渐下降,而叶片中的养分浓度在狭窄范围内波动。在木薯中首次建立了氮,磷和钾的稀释曲线和营养指数。最高NPK施用处理下作物中N,P和K的稀释曲线描述为N c  = 82DM -0.61,P c  = 7.4DM -0.54和K c  = 43DM -0.54,当总生物量在5到57吨/公顷干物质(DM)之间时。营养指数与相对作物生物量线性相关。深入了解生长周期中的养分吸收和稀释模式,可以帮助了解木薯的瞬时养分需求并确定可持续的管理方法。最初的充足氮,磷供应和适度的钾肥,在第二个生育阶段将额外施用钾肥,这将有利于木薯的生长和产量。此外,此类信息为开发动态模型以模拟木薯的营养受限生长提供了基础。

更新日期:2020-12-24
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