Perpetrator and victim gender influence how blame is assigned in intimate partner violence (IPV) scenarios. Although men’s differential capacity to inflict and sustain harm is posited as the reason male perpetrators and victims receive more blame for IPV, it is possible that other aspects of the construct of gender, such as gender role beliefs, underscore these effects. Using a sample of 323 college students and a factorial vignette design that varied body sizes and genders of victims and perpetrators, we examined the extent to which perceptions of physical injury accounted for the effects of perpetrator and victim gender on blame attributions, and whether adherence to traditional gender roles moderated any influences of gender unassociated with perceived injury. For female perpetrators, participants estimated lower levels of perceived injury and greater victim blame, with the former effect predominantly accounting for the latter. Male victims were viewed as less injured and more blameworthy, but the latter finding was not predominantly driven by injury perceptions. Perceived physical injury also did not account for why females perpetrating against males were blamed least. Controlling for differences in perceived injury, those holding more traditional gender views blamed victims of female violence more than victims of male-perpetrated violence. Notably, variations in body physical size were not associated with injury perceptions or blame attributions. These findings overall suggest that gender does influence blame attributions by way of perceived physical injury, but other aspects of the construct of gender are also relevant to these evaluations.

犯罪者和受害人的性别会影响亲密伴侣暴力（IPV）场景中的责任归咎方式。尽管男性在施加和维持伤害方面的差异能力被认为是造成男性犯罪者和受害者更多受到IPV指责的原因，但性别建构的其他方面（例如性别角色信念）也可能强调了这些影响。我们使用323名大学生的样本以及因人而异的小插图设计来改变受害人和犯罪者的身材和性别，我们研究了身体伤害的感知在多大程度上解释了犯罪者和受害人性别对责任归因的影响，以及是否坚持传统的性别角色减轻了与感知伤害无关的任何性别影响。对于女性犯罪者，参与者估计较低的感知伤害水平和更大的受害者责任感，前者的影响主要是后者。男性受害者被认为受伤较少，应受谴责的程度较高，但后者的发现并非主要受伤害观念的驱使。知觉的身体伤害也不能解释为什么女性对男性的伤害最少。为了控制感觉到的伤害差异，持较传统性别观点的人更多地将女性暴力的受害者归咎于男性暴力的受害者。值得注意的是，身体物理尺寸的变化与伤害感知或怪罪归因无关。这些发现总体上表明，性别确实会通过感觉到的身体伤害来影响责任归因，