In the current paper, we discuss the need for regulation at EU level of Connected and Automated Driving solutions (henceforth CAD) based on multiple considerations, namely (i) the need for uniformity of criteria across European Member States, and (ii) the impact that regulation—or the absence of it—has on the proliferation of specific technological solutions. The analysis is grounded on legal and economic considerations of possible interactions between vehicles with different levels of automation, and shows how the existing framework delays innovation. A Risk-Management Approach, identifying one sole responsible party ex ante (one-stop-shop), liable under all circumstances—pursuant to a strict, if not absolute liability rule—is to be preferred. We analyse the solution adopted by some Member States in light of those considerations and conclude that none truly corresponds to a RMA approach, and differences will also cause market fragmentation. We conclude that because legal rules determine what kind of technological application is favoured over others—and thence they are not technology-neutral—uniformity across MSs is of essential relevance, and discuss possible policy approaches to be adopted at European level.

在当前文件中，我们基于多种考虑因素讨论在欧盟级别的互联和自动驾驶解决方案（以下简称CAD）的监管需求，即（i）欧洲各成员国标准统一的需求，以及（ii）影响该法规（或不存在该法规）取决于特定技术解决方案的泛滥。该分析基于具有不同自动化程度的车辆之间可能交互的法律和经济考虑，并显示了现有框架如何延迟创新。最好选择一种风险管理方法，即事先确定一个唯一的责任方（一站式服务），该责任方在所有情况下（即使不是绝对责任规则）也应承担全部责任。根据这些考虑，我们分析了一些会员国采用的解决方案，并得出结论，没有一个真正符合RMA方法，并且差异也将导致市场分散。我们得出的结论是，由于法律规则确定了哪种技术应用胜于其他技术应用（因此它们不是技术中立的），因此MS之间的一致性至关重要，并讨论了在欧洲范围内可能采用的政策方法。