Negative workplace behavior has received substantial research attention over the past several decades. Although we have learned a lot about the consequences of negative behavior for its victims and third-party observers, a less understood but equally important research question pertains to the consequences for bad actors: How does engaging in negative behavior impact one’s thoughts, feelings, and subsequent behaviors? Moreover, do organizational members experience costs or benefits from engaging in negative acts? We address these questions with an integrative review of empirical findings on various actor-centric consequences of a wide range of negative behaviors. We organize these findings into five dominant theoretical perspectives: affective, psychological-needs, relational, psychological-resources, and cognitive-dissonance perspectives. For each perspective, we provide an overview of the theoretical arguments, summarize findings of relevant studies underlying it, and discuss observed patterns and contradictory findings. By doing so, we provide a very tentative answer to our initial questions, contending that engaging in negative acts is a two-edged sword for actors and its costs seem to slightly prevail over its benefits. Nevertheless, we make this preliminary conclusion based upon an incomplete knowledge base. In order to further our understanding of actor-centric outcomes of negative behavior, we also identify several important research gaps and needed future research directions.

在过去的几十年中，负面的工作场所行为受到了广泛的研究关注。尽管我们已经了解了负面行为对其受害者和第三方观察者的后果，但是对于不良行为者的后果，一个鲜为人知但同等重要的研究问题是：参与负面行为如何影响一个人的思想，感受和随后的行为？此外，组织成员是否会因从事负面行为而蒙受成本或收益？我们通过对各种负面行为的各种以行为者为中心的后果进行实证研究的综合综述，来解决这些问题。我们将这些发现分为五个主要的理论观点：情感，心理需求，关系，心理资源和认知失调观点。对于每种观点，我们都提供理论论点的概述，总结其基础的相关研究的发现，并讨论观察到的模式和矛盾的发现。通过这样做，我们为最初的问题提供了一个非常初步的答案，认为从事消极行为对于演员而言是一把两刃剑，其成本似乎略高于其收益。但是，我们是基于不完整的知识库得出此初步结论。为了进一步了解负面行为的以行为者为中心的结果，我们还确定了几个重要的研究空白和需要的未来研究方向。我们对最初的问题提供了一个非常初步的答案，认为从事负面行为对于演员而言是一把两刃剑，其成本似乎略高于其收益。但是，我们是基于不完整的知识库得出此初步结论。为了进一步了解负面行为的以行为者为中心的结果，我们还确定了几个重要的研究空白和需要的未来研究方向。我们对最初的问题提供了一个非常初步的答案，认为从事负面行为对于演员而言是一把两刃剑，其成本似乎略高于其收益。但是，我们是基于不完整的知识库得出此初步结论。为了进一步了解负面行为的以行为者为中心的结果，我们还确定了几个重要的研究空白和需要的未来研究方向。