This observational study focuses on prosocial behaviors of children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) during an interaction with their older, typically developing sibling (TD-Sibs). Twenty-eight sibling dyads, in which the younger sibling was diagnosed with ASD (ASD-Sibs), were video-recorded at home playing a game of their choice. Video recordings were microanalyzed, measuring frame-by-frame observational indices of prosocial behaviors. Siblings’ interactions were mostly collaborative. During the interaction, the older TD-Sibs initiated more actions and the younger ASD-Sibs imitated more. The frequency of the prosocial behaviors of the ASD-Sib was associated with the frequency of the TD-Sib’s prosocial behaviors. The findings emphasize the importance of sibling interactions as an opportunity for children with ASD to practice prosocial behaviors.

这项观察性研究的重点是自闭症谱系障碍（ASD）儿童与年龄较大，通常在发育中的兄弟姐妹（TD-Sibs）互动时的亲社会行为。他们在家中录制了28个兄弟姐妹双胞胎，其中年轻的兄弟姐妹被诊断出患有ASD（ASD-Sibs）。微观分析录像，测量亲社会行为的逐帧观察指标。兄弟姐妹的互动大多是协作的。在交互过程中，较老的TD-Sib发起了更多的动作，而较年轻的ASD-Sib模仿得更多。ASD-Sib亲社会行为的频率与TD-Sib亲社会行为的频率相关。这些发现强调了同伴互动的重要性，这是自闭症儿童进行亲社会行为的机会。