The prominence of lawyers in the politics of modern state building has been recognized in both historical and theoretical scholarship. In Latin America, however, legal professionals were largely displaced from public governance by the mid-twentieth century. Using Chile as a case study, I argue that, beginning in the 1930s, the rise of the administrative state diminished the authority of elite lawyers who previously enjoyed a quasi-monopoly on statecraft. In addition to the emergence of professional competitors, lawyers lost political influence for two reasons: (1) a growing divergence between political and legal careers for law graduates and (2) internal and external constraints on the bar and the judiciary that limited the ability of legal actors to influence the political process. As a result, during a period when lawyers gained political sway in much of the world, their authority in public affairs dwindled in Chile.

中文翻译：

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专业权威的减少：智利的法律精英和政府分工，1932-70

律师在现代国家建设政治中的突出地位已在历史和理论学术中得到认可。然而，在拉丁美洲，到 20 世纪中叶，法律专业人员在很大程度上被公共治理所取代。以智利为例，我认为，从 1930 年代开始，行政国家的兴起削弱了精英律师的权威，他们以前在治国之道上享有准垄断地位。除了专业竞争者的出现，律师失去政治影响力的原因有两个：（1）法律毕业生的政治和法律职业之间的分歧越来越大，（2）对律师和司法机构的内部和外部约束限制了他们的能力。法律行为者影响政治进程。因此，