Proponents of the public goods argument (‘PGA’) seek to ground the authority of the state on its putative indispensability as a means of providing public goods. But many of the things we take to be public goods – including many of the goods commonly invoked in support of the PGA – are actually what we might term publicized goods. A publicized good is any whose ‘public’ character results only from a policy decision to make some (otherwise private) good freely and universally available. This fact poses complications for the PGA, insofar as the set of possible publicized goods is quite extensive indeed.

中文翻译：

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关于公共物品（或公共物品论据的滥交）

支持公共物品论（PGA）的人力图以国家权威作为提供公共物品的手段的不可或缺的基础。但是，我们视为公共物品的许多东西，包括为支持PGA而通常调用的许多商品，实际上就是我们可以称之为公共物品的东西。公共物品是指其具有“公共”性质的任何物品，其结果仅来自于一项政策决定，即可以自由和普遍获得某些（否则为私人）物品。就PGA而言，这一事实带来了复杂性，因为实际上可能公开的商品种类非常广泛。