This Essay examines a series of paradoxes that have rendered the international legal order's mechanisms for collective action powerless precisely when they are needed most to fight COVID-19. The “patriotism paradox” is that disengagement from the international legal order weakens rather than strengthens state sovereignty. The “border paradox” is that securing domestic populations by excluding noncitizens, in the absence of accompanying regulatory mechanisms to secure adherence to internal health measures, accelerates viral spread among citizens. The “equality paradox” is that while pandemics pose an equal threat to all people, their impacts compound existing inequalities.

中文翻译：

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国际法中的大流行悖论

本文探讨了一系列悖论，这些悖论使国际法律秩序的集体行动机制在最需要对抗 COVID-19 的时候无能为力。“爱国主义悖论”是脱离国际法律秩序削弱而不是加强国家主权。“边界悖论”是通过排除非公民来保护国内人口，在没有相应的监管机制来确保遵守内部卫生措施的情况下，会加速病毒在公民之间的传播。“平等悖论”是，虽然流行病对所有人构成同等威胁，但它们的影响加剧了现有的不平等。