Abstract

Recent developments in the dimensional assessment of personality functioning have made the implementation of latent measurement models increasingly attractive. In this study, we applied item response theory (IRT) to a well-established personality functioning instrument (the OPD Structure Questionnaire) to identify a unidimensional latent trait and to evaluate the feasibility of computer adaptive testing (CAT). We hypothesized that the use of IRT could reduce the test burden – compared to a fixed short form – while maintaining high precision over a wide range of the latent trait. The OPD-SQ was collected from 1235 patients in a psychosomatic clinic. IRT assumptions were fulfilled. A 9-factor model yielded sufficient fit and unidimensionality in exploratory factor analysis with bifactor rotation. Items were iteratively reduced, and a graded-response IRT model was fitted to the data. Simulations showed that a CAT with approximately 7 items was able to capture an OPD-SQ global severity score with an accuracy similar to that of a fixed 12-item short form. The final item bank and CAT yielded satisfactory content validity. Strong correlations with depression and anxiety replicated previous results on the OPD-SQ. We concluded that IRT applications could be useful to reduce the test burden of personality functioning instruments.

摘要

人格功能维度评估的最新发展使得潜在测量模型的实施越来越有吸引力。在这项研究中，我们将项目反应理论 (IRT) 应用于完善的人格功能工具（OPD 结构问卷），以识别一维潜在特征并评估计算机自适应测试 (CAT) 的可行性。我们假设，与固定的简短形式相比，使用 IRT 可以减少测试负担，同时在广泛的潜在特征范围内保持高精度。OPD-SQ 是从心身诊所的 1235 名患者中收集的。IRT 假设得到满足。一个 9 因子模型在双因子旋转的探索性因子分析中产生了足够的拟合和单维性。项目被迭代减少，并对数据拟合了分级响应 IRT 模型。模拟表明，包含大约 7 个项目的 CAT 能够以与固定的 12 个项目简表相似的准确度获取 OPD-SQ 全局严重性评分。最终的项目库和 CAT 产生了令人满意的内容有效性。与抑郁和焦虑的强相关性在 OPD-SQ 上复制了先前的结果。我们得出结论，IRT 应用程序可能有助于减轻人格功能工具的测试负担。与抑郁和焦虑的强相关性在 OPD-SQ 上复制了先前的结果。我们得出结论，IRT 应用程序可能有助于减轻人格功能工具的测试负担。与抑郁和焦虑的强相关性在 OPD-SQ 上复制了先前的结果。我们得出结论，IRT 应用程序可能有助于减轻人格功能工具的测试负担。