ABSTRACT

Little is known about the effect of strategy use on working memory training in aging. Here, we aim to assess the impact of strategy on trained and transfer tasks for accuracy and P300, while investigating the effect of age, gender and education. We recruited 26 elderly and recorded EEGs from the cognitive training group and active control group. Our results showed changes in P300, but only a positive trend in accuracy for the trained task across groups. We found transfers to untrained tasks, but we did not observe any difference in transfer effects between training groups. However, our results showed significant differences between training groups for a similar version of the trained task, suggesting that strategy use might have prolonged effects. Individual characteristics had a significant impact on accuracy and P300 for trained and transfer tasks. These findings underline the role of strategy use and individual characteristics during N-Back training.

摘要

关于使用策略对衰老中的工作记忆训练的影响知之甚少。在这里，我们旨在评估策略对训练和转移任务的准确性和P300的影响，同时调查年龄，性别和教育程度的影响。我们从认知训练组和主动对照组中招募了26名老年人并记录了脑电图。我们的结果表明P300发生了变化，但是跨组训练的任务在准确性方面仅出现了积极的趋势。我们发现转移到未经培训的任务，但是我们没有观察到培训组之间转移效果的任何差异。但是，我们的结果表明，对于相似版本的受训任务，各培训小组之间存在显着差异，这表明使用策略可能会产生长效影响。个体特征对培训和转移任务的准确性和P300都有重大影响。这些发现强调了在N-Back训练过程中策略使用和个人特征的作用。