ABSTRACT

For social enterprise to matter to racialized people, it must be purposefully embedded in the community. This study examines three nonprofit organizations led by women engaged in community economic development work – Firgrove Learning and Innovation Community Centre, Warden Woods Community Centre, and Elspeth Heyworth Centre for Women – in Toronto, one of the largest cities in North America. This study explores the work of these anti-racist feminist leaders who lack the certainty of funding from federal sources, yet understand that the key to making ethical community economies is to advance politicized economic solidarity and not to legitimize the corporatization of the social economy. This research also draws on the ethical coordinates of J.K Gibson-Graham to provoke a radical shift in the accepted understanding of social innovation in the enterprising development sector.

HIGHLIGHTS

• Mainstream definitions of social enterprise exclude businesses led by marginalized peoples.

• Three racialized women in Toronto lead social enterprises with ethics and politicized action.

• These enterprises benefit their communities and fight racism in the capitalist economy.

• The study makes visible racialized peoples’ social-enterprise economy.

• Social enterprises must promote politicized economic solidarity and anti-racist feminism.

摘要

社会企业对于种族化的人来说很重要，它必须有目的地嵌入社区。本研究调查了位于北美最大城市之一多伦多的三个由女性领导的非营利组织，即 Firgrove 学习与创新社区中心、Warden Woods 社区中心和 Elspeth Heyworth 妇女中心。本研究探讨了这些反种族主义女权主义领导人的工作，他们缺乏来自联邦来源的资金的确定性，但明白建立合乎道德的社区经济的关键是促进政治化的经济团结而不是使社会经济的公司化合法化。这项研究还借鉴了 JK Gibson-Graham 的伦理坐标，以引发企业发展部门对社会创新的公认理解的根本转变。

强调

• 社会企业的主流定义排除了由边缘化人群领导的企业。

• 多伦多的三名种族女性以道德和政治化的行动领导社会企业。

• 这些企业造福于他们的社区并与资本主义经济中的种族主义作斗争。

• 该研究使种族化人民的社会企业经济可见。

• 社会企业必须促进政治化的经济团结和反种族主义女权主义。