ABSTRACT

Scholars examining the effect of knowledge spillovers on R&D and innovation all agree on one thing – there is a strong relationship between the firm's R&D effort and knowledge spillover. The sign of this relationship depends, however, on many things, such as the type of spillovers (horizontal, vertical, or from other sources), the level of appropriability, the type of firm (e.g. age and sector), and the measurement of the spillover itself. A missing piece of evidence to this literature is the role of gender in the founding team of the firm. Our contribution is to fill this gap by explicitly analysing the role played by gender in the founding team. Given that the relationship between a firm's R&D intensity and external knowledge spillovers is ultimately context-specific, we analyse the differences between male-owned and female-owned young entrepreneurial firms with respect to the influence that knowledge spillovers have on their R&D intensity.

摘要

研究知识溢出对研发和创新的影响的学者们都同意一件事——公司的研发努力和知识溢出之间有很强的关系。然而，这种关系的符号取决于许多因素，例如溢出的类型（横向、纵向或来自其他来源）、专有程度、公司类型（例如年龄和部门）以及溢出本身。该文献中缺少的一个证据是性别在公司创始团队中的作用。我们的贡献是通过明确分析性别在创始团队中所扮演的角色来填补这一空白。鉴于公司的研发强度和外部知识溢出之间的关系最终是特定于上下文的，