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Investigating the replicability and boundary conditions of the mnemonic advantage for disgust
Cognition and Emotion ( IF 2.720 ) Pub Date : 2020-12-21 , DOI: 10.1080/02699931.2020.1863187
John T West 1 , Neil W Mulligan 1
Affiliation  

ABSTRACT

Research has demonstrated that people remember emotional information better than neutral information. However, such research has almost exclusively defined emotion in terms of valence and arousal. Discrete emotions may affect memory above and beyond such dimensions, with recent research indicating that disgusting information is better remembered than frightening information. We initially sought to determine whether participants are sensitive to the effects of discrete emotions when predicting their future memory performance. Participants in Experiment 1 were more confident in their memory for emotional (both frightening and disgusting) images relative to neutral images, but confidence did not differ between frightening and disgusting images. However, because we did not replicate the mnemonic advantage of disgust, subsequent experiments were concerned with testing the replicability of this effect. Because metamemorial judgments sometimes eliminate memory effects, participants in Experiment 2 did not make such judgments. Even so, the effect did not replicate. The disgust advantage was ultimately replicated in Experiment 3, where participants completed a secondary task at encoding. The disgust advantage is replicable but appears less robust than previously recognised. A single-paper meta-analysis indicated that the effect is more likely under divided attention, perhaps because the mechanisms which mediate disgust-memory are relatively automatic.



中文翻译:

研究厌恶助记优势的可复制性和边界条件

摘要

研究表明,人们比中性信息更能记住情感信息。然而,此类研究几乎完全根据效价和唤醒来定义情绪。离散的情绪可能会影响超出这些维度的记忆,最近的研究表明,令人厌恶的信息比可怕的信息更容易被记住。我们最初试图确定参与者在预测他们未来的记忆表现时是否对离散情绪的影响敏感。相对于中性图像,实验 1 的参与者对他们对情绪(令人恐惧和令人厌恶)图像的记忆更有信心,但在令人恐惧和令人厌恶的图像之间,信心没有差异。然而,因为我们没有复制厌恶的助记优势,随后的实验涉及测试这种效应的可复制性。因为元记忆判断有时会消除记忆效应,所以实验 2 的参与者没有做出这样的判断。即便如此,效果也没有复制。厌恶优势最终在实验 3 中得到复制,参与者完成了编码的次要任务。厌恶的优势是可以复制的,但似乎没有以前认识到的那么强大。一篇单一论文的荟萃分析表明,在分散注意力的情况下,这种效果更有可能,这可能是因为介导厌恶记忆的机制是相对自动的。厌恶优势最终在实验 3 中得到复制,参与者完成了编码的次要任务。厌恶的优势是可以复制的,但似乎没有以前认识到的那么强大。一篇单一论文的荟萃分析表明,在分散注意力的情况下,这种效果更有可能,这可能是因为介导厌恶记忆的机制是相对自动的。厌恶优势最终在实验 3 中得到复制,参与者完成了编码的次要任务。厌恶的优势是可以复制的,但似乎没有以前认识到的那么强大。一篇单一论文的荟萃分析表明,在分散注意力的情况下,这种效果更有可能,这可能是因为介导厌恶记忆的机制是相对自动的。

更新日期:2020-12-21
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