Abstract

Objective

Nonsuicidal self-injury (NSSI) is a robust predictor of suicide ideation and attempts, but it is not clear how and why this connection is so strong. Using the Integrated Motivational-Volitional Model of suicide as a framework, select features of NSSI were examined as motivational moderators between hopelessness and suicide ideation.

Method

Data were collected from 420 emerging adults (mean age = 18.9; 84% female, 92% white), all of whom had past-year NSSI. Participants completed self-report measures that assessed NSSI and suicide history, effectiveness of NSSI in achieving functions, and hopelessness; they also completed the self-injury Implicit Association Test (IAT).

Results

Moderation analyses revealed that none of the interactions were significant. Additional analyses tested unconditional effects of all predictor variables and found hopelessness, self-rated future likelihood of engaging in NSSI, effectiveness of NSSI in achieving intrapersonal functions, and self-injury IAT scores were each significantly associated with suicide ideation.

Conclusions

These results reinforce the important role of hopelessness, perceived effectiveness of NSSI in achieving intrapersonal functions, acknowledgement of future NSSI, and self-identification with NSSI as potential indicators of increased suicide risk, while also emphasizing further study of other possible moderating factors.

• HIGHLIGHTS

• Features of NSSI did not moderate the hopelessness-suicide ideation relationship.

• Features of NSSI did associate with increased suicide ideation frequency.

• Future likelihood of, implicit association with, and intrapersonal effectiveness of NSSI were important.

中文翻译：

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检查非自杀性自残特征作为绝望与自杀意念之间关系的动机调节因素

摘要

客观的

非自杀性自残（NSSI）是自杀意念和自杀企图的有力预测因素，但目前尚不清楚这种联系如何以及为何如此强烈。使用自杀的综合动机-意志模型作为框架，选择 NSSI 的特征作为绝望和自杀意念之间的动机调节因素进行了检查。

方法

数据收集自 420 名新生成年人（平均年龄 = 18.9 岁；84% 为女性，92% 为白人），所有这些人去年都患有 NSSI。参与者完成了自我报告措施，评估 NSSI 和自杀史、NSSI 在实现功能方面的有效性以及绝望感；他们还完成了自伤内隐联想测试（IAT）。

结果

调节分析显示，没有任何相互作用是显着的。其他分析测试了所有预测变量的无条件效应，发现绝望、自评未来参与 NSSI 的可能性、NSSI 在实现个人功能方面的有效性以及自伤 IAT 评分均与自杀意念显着相关。

结论

这些结果强化了绝望的重要作用、NSSI 在实现个人功能方面的有效性、对未来 NSSI 的认可以及 NSSI 的自我认同作为自杀风险增加的潜在指标，同时也强调了对其他可能的调节因素的进一步研究。

• 强调

• NSSI 的特征并没有调节绝望与自杀意念的关系。

• NSSI 的特征确实与自杀意念频率增加有关。

• NSSI 的未来可能性、隐含关联以及个人有效性非常重要。