When supply disruptions occur, firms want to employ an effective pricing strategy to reduce losses. However, firms typically do not know precisely how customers will react to price changes in the short term, during a disruption. In this article, we investigate the customer's order variability and the firm's profit under several representative heuristic pricing strategies, including no change at all (fixed pricing strategy), changing the price only (naive pricing strategy), and adjusting the belief and price simultaneously (one-period correction [1PC] and regression pricing strategies). We show that the fixed pricing strategy creates the most stable customer order process, but it brings lower profit than the naive pricing strategy in most cases. The 1PC pricing strategy produces a more volatile customer order process and smaller profit than the naive one does. Although the regression pricing strategy is a more advanced approach, it leads to lower profit and greater customer order variability than the naive pricing strategy (but the opposite when compared to the 1PC strategy). We conclude that (i) completely eliminating the customer order variability by employing a fixed pricing strategy is not advisable and adjusting the price to match supply with demand is necessary to improve the profit; (ii) frequently adjusting the belief about customer behaviors under imperfect information may increase the customer's order variability and reduce the firm's profit. The conclusions are robust to the inventory assumption (i.e., without or with inventory carryover) and the firm's objective (i.e., market clearance or profit maximization).

中文翻译：

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中断期间的定价：订单可变性与利润

当供应中断发生时，公司希望采用有效的定价策略来减少损失。然而，公司通常不确切知道客户在短期内对价格变化的反应，即中断期间。在本文中，我们研究了几种具有代表性的启发式定价策略下的客户订单可变性和企业利润，包括完全不改变（固定定价策略）、只改变价格（朴素定价策略）以及同时调整信念和价格（一期修正 [1PC] 和回归定价策略）。我们表明，固定定价策略创造了最稳定的客户订单流程，但在大多数情况下，它带来的利润低于天真的定价策略。与天真的定价策略相比，1PC 定价策略会产生更不稳定的客户订单流程和更小的利润。虽然回归定价策略是一种更先进的方法，但它导致比朴素定价策略更低的利润和更大的客户订单可变性（但与 1PC 策略相比则相反）。我们得出结论：（i）通过采用固定定价策略完全消除客户订单的可变性是不可取的，调整价格以使供需相匹配对于提高利润是必要的；(ii) 在不完全信息下频繁调整对客户行为的信念可能会增加客户订单的可变性并降低公司的利润。结论对库存假设（即，没有或有库存结转）和公司“是稳健的”