Abstract Number systems constitute one of the major domains in which language is seen as a source of variation in cognition. The notion that the features of a language's numeral system index cognitive complexity has been pervasive in anthropological linguistics since the nineteenth century. In particular, languages with small numerical vocabularies have attracted enormous interest, but other features where linguistic relativity is invoked include systemic irregularity and the presence of multiple parallel numeral systems (numeral classifiers and object-specific counting). Quite independently, the comparison of graphic numerical notations has imputed cognitive advantages, such as the idea that the Roman numerals limited mathematical progress. These discussions of linguistic relativity have been interwoven with issues of social complexity; in place of a pure language-thought relationship, the discussion has been framed through a triad of language, cognition, and social structure. To evaluate whether and how lexical numerals and numerical notations affect numerical cognition, an activity-based explanatory model is proposed in which materiality, discourse, and practice mutually constitute knowledge systems. This allows us to move past the idea that language structure has direct cognitive effects, without denying that language is relevant to numerical cognition.

中文翻译：

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图形和词汇计算中语言相对性的范围

摘要 数字系统构成了语言被视为认知变异来源的主要领域之一。自 19 世纪以来，语言数字系统的特征指示认知复杂性的概念在人类学语言学中一直普遍存在。特别是，数字词汇量较小的语言引起了极大的兴趣，但调用语言相对性的其他特征包括系统不规则性和多个平行数字系统（数字分类器和特定对象计数）的存在。相当独立地，图形数字符号的比较归因于认知优势，例如罗马数字限制了数学进步的想法。这些关于语言相对性的讨论与社会复杂性问题交织在一起。讨论不是纯粹的语言-思想关系，而是通过语言、认知和社会结构的三元组来构建的。为了评估词汇数字和数字符号是否以及如何影响数字认知，提出了一种基于活动的解释模型，其中物质性、话语和实践相互构成知识系统。这使我们能够摆脱语言结构具有直接认知影响的想法，而不否认语言与数字认知相关。与实践相互构成知识体系。这使我们能够摆脱语言结构具有直接认知影响的想法，而不否认语言与数字认知相关。与实践相互构成知识体系。这使我们能够摆脱语言结构具有直接认知影响的想法，而不否认语言与数字认知相关。