To gain insights into social integration of second- and third-generation immigrant youth in Dutch secondary schools, we examined the two sides: immigrant youth’s attitudes toward the societal majority and the societal majority youth’s attitudes toward immigrants, while taking into account immigrant youth’s diverse cultural backgrounds. The sample included Dutch-born Turkish (n = 187), Moroccan (n = 188), and Surinamese (n = 164) adolescents as well as societal majority youth (n = 2,141) across 169 classrooms in 92 Dutch secondary schools. School-based exposure to, and friendships with relevant out-group classmates were examined separately as predictors of out-group attitudes. Also, the mediational function of out-group friendships, i.e., immigrant respectively societal majority, on the association between exposure and attitudes was tested. The results varied between immigrant and societal majority youth, as well as across the cultural groups. Overall, out-group exposure was found to benefit all immigrant adolescents’ attitudes toward the societal majority. For societal majority adolescents, however, the association between exposure, friendships and attitudes differed based on the relevant out-group. This study highlights the nuances between immigrant groups and between immigrant and societal majority groups’ attitudes toward one another.

为了深入了解荷兰中学第二代和第三代移民青年的社会融合，我们考察了以下两个方面：移民青年对社会多数的态度和社会多数青年对移民的态度，同时考虑到移民青年的多元文化背景。样本包括荷兰出生土耳其语（Ñ = 187），摩洛哥（Ñ = 188），与苏里南（Ñ = 164）青少年以及社会大多数青年（Ñ= 2,141），位于荷兰92所中学的169个教室中。校外接触以及与相关小组外同学的友谊被单独检查，作为小组态度的预测因素。此外，还检验了群体外友谊（即分别占移民多数的社会群体）在暴露与态度之间的关系上的中介作用。结果在移民青年和占多数的青年之间，以及在各个文化群体之间，都不同。总体而言，发现群体外接触有益于所有移民青少年对社会多数的态度。然而，对于大多数社会青少年而言，暴露，友谊和态度之间的关联因相关群体而异。