In this paper we focus on the emerging phenomenon of Open Government Data Platforms (OGDPs), in particular those that provide open performance data to general public. Governments world-wide continue to implement these platforms, aiming to increase transparency and accountability. However, in spite of their positive intentions, ODGPs that provide performance data (e.g. about schools or hospitals) are reported to create serious harmful social effects. While the related literature has reported numerous cases of these unintended effects, the questions regarding why and how they emerge remain open. This is not surprising, given the complexity and dynamics of processes instigated through the use of ODGPs by a very large number of known and unknowable actors. Through a diffractive reading of complexity theories, in particular Complex Adaptive Systems (CAS) and sociomateriality, in this paper we propose a Complex Adaptive Sociomaterial Systems (CASS) theorization of OGDPs. Drawing from a case of OGDP in Australia called My School, which provides open performance data for more than 10.000 schools, we demonstrate how the proposed theoretical lens of CASS enables us to reveal and explain why and how these platforms perform unintended, yet serious social harm. Given that OGDPs are rapidly emerging around the world, our research opens a pathway for a research-informed public discourse about their harmful effects and responsibilities of different stakeholders.

在本文中，我们关注开放政府数据平台（OGDP）的新兴现象，尤其是那些向公众提供开放绩效数据的平台。世界各国政府继续实施这些平台，旨在提高透明度和问责制。然而，尽管有其积极意图，但据报提供绩效数据（例如关于学校或医院的ODGP）会造成严重的有害社会影响。尽管相关文献已经报道了许多这些意想不到的影响的案例，但是关于它们为什么以及如何出现的问题仍然是未解决的。鉴于大量已知和不可知的参与者通过使用ODGP引发了流程的复杂性和动态，因此这并不奇怪。通过对复杂性理论的不同理解，尤其是复杂适应系统（CAS）和社会物质性，本文提出了OGDP的复杂适应社会材料系统（CASS）理论。从澳大利亚的一个名为My School的OGDP案例中，该案例为超过10.000所学校提供了开放的绩效数据，我们演示了CASS的理论视角如何使我们能够揭示和解释这些平台为何以及如何表现出意料之外的严重社会危害。鉴于OGDP在世界范围内正在迅速兴起，因此我们的研究为了解情况的公开讨论有关不同利益相关者的有害影响和责任开辟了道路。它提供了超过10,000所学校的开放绩效数据，我们演示了CASS提出的理论视角如何使我们能够揭示和解释这些平台为何以及如何表现出意料之外的严重社会危害。鉴于OGDP在世界范围内正在迅速兴起，因此我们的研究为了解情况的公开讨论有关不同利益相关者的有害影响和责任开辟了道路。它提供了超过10,000所学校的开放绩效数据，我们演示了CASS提出的理论视角如何使我们能够揭示和解释这些平台为何以及如何表现出意料之外的严重社会危害。鉴于OGDP在世界范围内正在迅速兴起，因此我们的研究为了解情况的公开讨论有关不同利益相关者的有害影响和责任开辟了道路。