Previous studies on collective bargaining have largely been conducted in developed countries where trade unions are relatively independent from employers and government and have the necessary capacity for bargaining. In the absence of market institutions that support trade unions' independence and capacity to bargain, the role of trade unions could be different. Using employee‐level data with firm's characteristics, we examine for the first time the relationship between collective bargaining and rent sharing in Vietnamese small and medium‐sized enterprises. While the results show a direct monitoring effect of trade unions on wages, and some degree of rent sharing with firms' past performance, trade unions play a limited bargaining role of this kind. There is also a causal negative moderating effect of collective bargaining on employees' earnings in firms having investment activities. For long‐term employment security, unionized employees appear to share the risk by accepting lower wages in firms with investment activities.

中文翻译：

---

租金共享，投资和集体谈判：越南员工级别数据的证据

先前有关集体谈判的研究主要是在发达国家进行的，这些国家的工会相对独立于雇主和政府，并且具有必要的谈判能力。在缺乏支持工会独立性和讨价还价能力的市场机构的情况下，工会的作用可能会有所不同。我们使用具有公司特征的员工级数据，首次检查了越南中小企业集体劳资谈判与租金分担之间的关系。虽然结果显示了工会对工资的直接监控效果，以及一定程度的租金与企业过去的表现分担，但工会在这种讨价还价中的作用有限。在进行投资活动的公司中，集体谈判对雇员的收入也有因果的负面调节作用。为了获得长期就业保障，工会员工似乎通过接受从事投资活动的公司的较低工资来分担风险。