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Population density and urban air quality
Regional Science and Urban Economics ( IF 2.438 ) Pub Date : 2020-10-21 , DOI: 10.1016/j.regsciurbeco.2020.103596
Rainald Borck , Philipp Schrauth

We use panel data from Germany to analyze the effect of population density on urban air pollution (nitrogen oxides, particulate matter, ozone, and an aggregate index for bad air quality [AQI]). To address unobserved heterogeneity and omitted variables, we present long difference/fixed effects estimates and instrumental variables estimates, using historical population and soil quality as instruments. Using our preferred estimates, we find that the concentration increases with density for NO2 with an elasticity of 0.25 and particulate matter with elasticity of 0.08. The O3 concentration decreases with density with an elasticity of −0.14. The AQI increases with density, with an elasticity of 0.11–0.13. We also present a variety of robustness tests. Overall, the paper shows that higher population density worsens local air quality.



中文翻译:

人口密度与城市空气质量

我们使用来自德国的面板数据来分析人口密度对城市空气污染(氮氧化物,颗粒物,臭氧和不良空气质量[AQI]的综合指数)的影响。为了解决未观察到的异质性和遗漏的变量,我们使用历史人口和土壤质量作为工具,给出了长期差异/固定效应估计和工具变量估计。使用我们的首选估算,我们发现浓度随浓度的增加而增加,NO 2的弹性为0.25,颗粒物的弹性为0.08。O 3浓度随密度降低而降低,弹性为-0.14。AQI随密度增加而增加,弹性为0.11-0.13。我们还提出了各种健壮性测试。总体而言,该论文表明,较高的人口密度会使当地的空气质量恶化。

更新日期:2020-12-23
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