Background:Cognitive and sleep dysfunction are common non-motor symptoms in Parkinson’s disease (PD). Objective:Determine the relationship between slow wave sleep (SWS) and cognitive performance in PD. Methods:Thirty-two PD participants were evaluated with polysomnography and a comprehensive levelII neurocognitive battery, as defined by the Movement Disorders Society Task Force for diagnosis of PD-mild cognitive impairment. Raw scores for each test were transformed into z-scores using normative data. Z-scores were averaged to obtain domain scores, and domain scores were averaged to determine the Composite Cognitive Score (CCS), the primary outcome. Participants were grouped by percent of SWS into High SWS and Low SWS groups and compared on CCS and other outcomes using 2-sided t-tests or Mann-Whitney U. Correlations of cognitive outcomes with sleep architecture and EEG spectral power were performed. Results:Participants in the High SWS group demonstrated better global cognitive function (CCS) (p = 0.01, effect size: r = 0.45). In exploratory analyses, the High SWS group showed better performance in domains of executive function (effect size: Cohen’s d = 1.05), language (d = 0.95), and processing speed (d = 1.12). Percentage of SWS was correlated with global cognition and executive function, language, and processing speed. Frontal EEG delta power during N3 was correlated with the CCS and executive function. Cognition was not correlated with subjective sleep quality. Conclusion:Increased SWS and higher delta spectral power are associated with better cognitive performance in PD. This demonstrates the significant relationship between sleep and cognitive function and suggests that interventions to improve sleep might improve cognition in individuals with PD.

中文翻译：

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慢波睡眠和 EEG Delta 频谱功率与帕金森病的认知功能有关

背景：认知和睡眠功能障碍是帕金森病（PD）常见的非运动症状。目的：确定慢波睡眠（SWS）与 PD 认知能力之间的关系。方法：32 名 PD 参与者使用多导睡眠图和综合 II 级神经认知电池进行评估，由运动障碍协会工作组定义，用于诊断 PD 轻度认知障碍。使用规范数据将每个测试的原始分数转换为 z 分数。对 Z 分数进行平均以获得领域分数，并对领域分数进行平均以确定综合认知分数 (CCS)，即主要结果。参与者按 SWS 百分比分为高 SWS 组和低 SWS 组，并使用 2 边 t 检验或 Mann-Whitney U. 进行了认知结果与睡眠结构和脑电图谱功率的相关性。结果：高 SWS 组的参与者表现出更好的整体认知功能 (CCS)（p = 0.01，效应大小：r = 0.45）。在探索性分析中，高 SWS 组在执行功能（效应大小：Cohen's d = 1.05）、语言（d = 0.95）和处理速度（d = 1.12）领域表现出更好的表现。SWS 的百分比与全局认知和执行功能、语言和处理速度相关。N3 期间的额叶 EEG delta 功率与 CCS 和执行功能相关。认知与主观睡眠质量无关。结论：增加的 SWS 和更高的 delta 谱功率与 PD 中更好的认知表现相关。