ABSTRACT

Introduction

The pathogenic and highly transmissible etiological agent, SARS-CoV-2, has caused a serious threat COVID-19 pandemic. WHO has declared the epidemic a public health emergency of international concern owing to its high contagiosity, mortality rate, and morbidity. Till now, there is no approved vaccine or drug to combat the COVID-19 and avert this global crisis.

Areas covered

In this narrative review, we summarized the updated results (January to August 2020) of the most promising repurposing therapeutic candidates to treat the SARS-CoV-2 viral infection. The repurposed drugs classified under four headlines like antivirals, anti-parasitic, immune-modulating, and miscellaneous drugs were discussed with their in vitro efficacy to recent clinical advancements against COVID-19.

Expert opinion

Currently, palliative care, ranging from outpatient management to intensive care, including oxygen administration, ventilator support, intravenous fluids therapy, with some repurposed drugs, are the primary weapons to fight against COVID-19. Until a safe and effective vaccine is developed, an evidence-based drug repurposing strategy might be the wisest option to save people from this catastrophe. Several existing drugs are now under clinical trials, and some of them are approved in different places of the world for emergency use or as adjuvant therapy in COVID-19 with standard of care.

中文翻译：

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重新利用针对 SARS-CoV-2 感染的治疗剂：最有希望的最新进展

摘要

介绍

致病性和高度传染性病原体 SARS-CoV-2 已造成严重威胁 COVID-19 大流行。由于该流行病具有高传染性、高死亡率和高发病率，世卫组织已宣布该流行病为国际关注的突发公共卫生事件。到目前为止，还没有批准的疫苗或药物来对抗 COVID-19 并避免这场全球危机。

覆盖区域

在这篇叙述性评论中，我们总结了治疗 SARS-CoV-2 病毒感染的最有希望的再利用治疗候选药物的更新结果（2020 年 1 月至 8 月）。讨论了抗病毒药、抗寄生虫药、免疫调节药和杂药等四个标题下的重新利用药物，讨论了它们对最近针对 COVID-19 的临床进展的体外功效。

专家意见

目前，姑息治疗，从门诊管理到重症监护，包括给氧、呼吸机支持、静脉输液治疗，以及一些重新利用的药物，是对抗 COVID-19 的主要武器。在开发出安全有效的疫苗之前，以证据为基础的药物再利用策略可能是将人们从这场灾难中拯救出来的最明智的选择。几种现有药物目前正在临床试验中，其中一些已在世界不同地方获得批准，用于紧急使用或作为 COVID-19 的辅助治疗标准护理。