Abstract

Bird counts have been carried out in 794 habitats over 59 years (in separate seasons) from 1960 to 2018. Seventy-one bird watchers participated in collecting material. Based on the results of bird counting, a hierarchical classification and structural similarity graph are compiled for ornithocomplexes in the Pacific part of Russia, including Wrangel Island. The hierarchical classification contains 3 overtypes, 16 types, and 17 subtypes of the bird assemblage. The similarity graph is built at the type level and is represented by seven series (trends), two of which relate to undeveloped land communities of mainly the North Pacific and Amur-Sakhalin physico-geographical countries. One series consists of ornithocomplexes of residential and recreational territories and four series consist of water and near-water communities (mainland and marine). The given characteristics of classification taxa contain information on the five most numerous bird species (leaders in abundance), their part in communities, assemblage density, and background species richness and avifauna types that are prevailing in abundance. The composition of taxa was used as a basis to reveal 10 environmental factors and 32 natural and anthropogenic regimes that correlate with spatial heterogeneity of ornithocomplexes. The strength and generality of the variability of bird communities and their habitats are estimated.

中文翻译：

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俄罗斯太平洋部分夏季鸟类集合的生态地理变异

摘要

从1960年到2018年，在59年中（在不同的季节）对794个栖息地进行了鸟类计数。71位观鸟者参加了收集活动。根据鸟类计数的结果，为俄罗斯太平洋地区（包括弗兰格尔岛）的鸟类复合体编制了层次分类和结构相似性图。层次分类包含鸟组合的3个改型，16个类型和17个子类型。相似度图是在类型级别构建的，并由七个系列（趋势）表示，其中两个系列与主要是北太平洋和阿穆尔-萨哈林州的自然地理国家的未开发土地群落有关。一个系列由居住和休闲领地的鸟类复合体组成，四个系列由水和近水社区（内陆和海洋）组成。分类分类单元的给定特征包含有关五种最多鸟类（丰富物种的领导者），它们在群落中的组成，种群密度以及背景物种丰富度和鸟类种类的信息。分类单元的组成被用作揭示10种环境因素以及32种与鸟类复合体空间异质性相关的自然和人为因素的基础。估计了鸟类群落及其栖息地变异性的强度和一般性。分类单元的组成被用作揭示10种环境因素以及32种与鸟类复合体空间异质性相关的自然和人为因素的基础。估计了鸟类群落及其栖息地变异性的强度和一般性。分类单元的组成被用作揭示10种环境因素以及32种与鸟类复合体空间异质性相关的自然和人为因素的基础。估计了鸟类群落及其栖息地变异性的强度和一般性。