ABSTRACT

Two experiments examined cue reliance and risk-taking during desktop virtual wayfinding, and how they might be modulated by personality traits and external stressors. Participants navigated a series of virtual buildings and we manipulated the strength of probabilistic cues available to guide turn decisions. Navigators frequently discounted probabilistic cues and instead took risks, particularly when costs were low and potential benefits were high. Risk-taking was predicted by higher sense of direction and lower need for structure. Introducing a time stressor lowered risk-taking, with a higher relative reliance on probability-based information. This was most pronounced in females and those with a high need for structure. Results provide novel evidence that spatial cue reliance is modulated by individual differences and contextual constraints.

摘要

两项实验研究了桌面虚拟寻路过程中的提示依赖和冒险行为，以及个性特征和外部压力源如何调节提示和冒险。参与者在一系列虚拟建筑物中导航，我们操纵了概率线索的强度来指导转弯决策。导航员经常低估概率提示，而冒险，尤其是在成本较低且潜在收益较高的情况下。较高的方向感和较低的结构需求可以预测冒险精神。引入时间压力可以降低冒险行为，并且相对依赖基于概率的信息。这在女性和对结构有很高需求的女性中最为明显。结果提供了新的证据，表明空间提示的依赖性受个体差异和上下文约束的调节。