The family stress model (FSM) is an influential family process model that posits that socioeconomic disadvantage impacts child outcomes via its effects on the parents. Existing evaluations of the FSM are constrained by limited measures of socioeconomic disadvantage, cross‐sectional research designs, and reliance on non‐population‐based samples. The current study tested the FSM in a subsample of the Fragile Families and Child Wellbeing Study (N = 2,918), a large population‐based study of children followed from birth through the age of nine. We employed a longitudinal framework and used measures of socioeconomic disadvantage beyond economic resources. Although the hypothesized FSM pathways were identified in the longitudinal model (e.g., economic pressure at the age of one was associated with maternal distress at the age of three, maternal distress at the age of three was associated with parenting behaviors at the age of five), the effects of socioeconomic disadvantage at childbirth on youth socioemotional outcomes at the age of nine did not operate through all of the hypothesized mediators. In longitudinal change models that accounted for the stability in constructs, multiple indicators of socioeconomic disadvantage at childbirth were indirectly associated with youth externalizing behaviors at the age of nine via either economic pressure at the age of one or changes in maternal warmth from ages 3 to 5. Greater economic pressure at the age of one, increases in maternal distress from ages 1 to 3, and decreases/increases in maternal warmth/harshness from ages 3 to 5 were also directly associated with increases in externalizing behaviors from ages 5 to 9. Results provide partial support for the FSM across the first decade of life.

中文翻译：

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在基于人群的队列中评估纵向家庭压力模型

家庭压力模型 (FSM) 是一种有影响力的家庭过程模型，它假定社会经济劣势通过其对父母的影响来影响孩子的结果。现有的 FSM 评估受到社会经济劣势测量、横断面研究设计和对非人口样本的依赖的限制。目前的研究在脆弱家庭和儿童福利研究的子样本中测试了 FSM（N = 2,918)，这是一项针对从出生到 9 岁的儿童的大型人群研究。我们采用了一个纵向框架，并使用了经济资源之外的社会经济劣势衡量标准。尽管在纵向模型中确定了假设的 FSM 途径（例如，一岁时的经济压力与三岁时的母亲痛苦相关，三岁时的母亲痛苦与五岁时的养育行为相关） , 分娩时的社会经济劣势对 9 岁时青年社会情绪结果的影响并未通过所有假设的中介因素起作用。在考虑结构稳定性的纵向变化模型中，