This article examines the construction of immigration control in two US states with contrasting approaches to immigration: the rise of crimmigration and governing through crime in Arizona, and the development of immigrant protection and governing through support in Illinois. Analysis of state‐level immigration control practices reveals that three interrelated processes play a critical role in formulating these divergent approaches to managing immigrants: the state's cultural orientation, structural relations, and institutional dynamics. These factors interact with each other in complex, multidirectional ways that condition and shape the respective states’ political choices and administrative decisions. I highlight the significance of coalitions of local organizations who work in collaboration with state actors and mobilize state institutions in order to shape state legal regimes of immigration control. In illuminating the variegated trajectories of the construction of immigration control fields, and their use (or nonuse) of penal power as a response, this article provides a more nuanced understanding of the hybrid, dynamic, and contingent nature of immigration control in contemporary America.

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惩罚与保护的政治：1990-2017年美国移民管制的比较历史分析

本文考察了美国两个州的移民管制建设情况，并采用了截然不同的移民方式：在亚利桑那州，犯罪活动的发展和通过犯罪的治安，以及在伊利诺伊州通过支持移民的发展和保护。对州一级的移民控制实践的分析表明，三个相互关联的过程在制定这些不同的移民管理方法中起着至关重要的作用：国家的文化取向，结构关系和制度动态。这些因素以复杂，多方向的方式相互影响，从而制约并塑造着各自国家的政治选择和行政决策。我强调了与州政府合作的地方组织联盟的重要性，这些组织与州行动者合作并动员州机构以制定州的移民管制法律制度。在阐明移民控制领域的各种变化轨迹以及它们对刑罚权力的使用（或不使用）作为回应时，本文提供了对当代美国移民控制的混合，动态和或有性质的更细微的了解。