Abstract While the properties of gender across different cultures have degrees of overlap, representations of Japanese men in popular Western media are characterized by distinctive elements. This article discusses popular Hollywood action films featuring ninja and tracks its portrayal in Anglophone media. We pay particular attention to cinematic constructions of masculinity and sexuality from the integrated theoretical viewpoints of sociolinguistics, masculinity studies, and film semiotics. Based on the notions of linguistic and visual enregisterment, we employ concepts of mediation and simulation to illustrate two points— (1) a widely accepted martial arts typecasting of the ninja is a ‘copy without an original’ in Hollywood productions, and (2) characteristics of heroic and villainous ninja are conventionalized via dominant discourses of hegemonic masculinity based on race.

中文翻译：

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白热化英雄：好莱坞忍者电影中的种族和性符号学

摘要 虽然不同文化中的性别属性有一定程度的重叠，但西方流行媒体中日本男性的表现却具有独特的元素。本文讨论以忍者为主角的好莱坞动作片，并追踪其在英语媒体中的描绘。我们特别关注从社会语言学、男性气质研究和电影符号学的综合理论观点对男性气质和性行为的电影建构。基于语言和视觉注册的概念，我们使用中介和模拟的概念来说明两点——（1）一种被广泛接受的忍者武术类型转换是好莱坞制作中的“无原作复制”，