ABSTRACT

Witnessing violence can negatively affect students’ outcomes, but their friendships may mitigate those effects. This study investigated the extent to which seeing someone shot in the last year related to seven school-related outcomes. Additionally, it examined the extent to which prosocial and deviant friends moderate these relationships. This study used data from three waves of the LONGSCAN study (N = 962), employing a series of student fixed effects models to estimate the relationships of interest. This study found no evidence that seeing someone shot in the last year was related to changes in school-related outcomes. Limited evidence of a moderating effect of friends was present, although in unexpected directions. The findings suggest that the effects of childhood trauma are complex and point to the need for a context-specific understanding of exposure to gun violence.

摘要

目睹暴力可能会对学生的成绩产生负面影响，但他们的友谊可能会减轻这种影响。这项研究调查了去年某人被枪击与七项与学校相关的结果相关的程度。此外，它还研究了亲社会和异常朋友对这些关系的调节程度。这项研究使用了来自LONGSCAN研究（N= 962），采用一系列学生固定效果模型来估算感兴趣的关系。这项研究没有发现证据表明去年有人开枪与学校相关成绩的变化有关。尽管有意想不到的方向，但存在有限的证据表明，朋友的调节作用适中。研究结果表明，儿童期创伤的影响是复杂的，并指出需要针对枪支暴力的暴露情况进行特定背景的理解。