Recent research has shown that many text‐based situational judgment test (SJT) items can be solved even when the situational descriptions in the item stems are not presented to test takers. This finding challenges the traditional view of SJTs as low‐fidelity simulations that rely on ‘situational’ (context‐dependent) judgment. However, media richness theory and construal level theory suggest that situation descriptions presented in a richer and more concrete format (video format) will reduce uncertainty about inherent requirements and facilitate the perception that the situation is taking place in the here and now. Therefore, we hypothesized that situational judgment would be more important in video situation descriptions than in text situation descriptions. We adapted a leadership SJT to realize a 3 (situation description in the item stem: video vs. text vs. none) × 2 (response format: video response options vs. text response options) between‐subjects design (N = 279). Participants were randomly assigned to one of the six conditions. The removal of video‐based situation descriptions in item stems led to an equivalent decrease in SJT scores as the removal of text‐based situation descriptions in item stems (video‐based version: Cohen's d = 0.535 vs. text‐based version: Cohen's d = 0.531). SJT scores were also contingent on the presentation format of both situation descriptions and response options: The highest scores were observed when situation descriptions and response options were presented in the same format. Implications for SJT theory and research are discussed.

中文翻译：

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从情境判断测试项目中删除情境描述：对于基于视频的格式与基于文本的格式，影响是否有所不同？

最近的研究表明，即使没有向考生提供词干中的情境描述，许多基于文本的情境判断测试（SJT）项也可以解决。这一发现挑战了传统SJT的观点，即依赖于“情境”（取决于上下文）判断的低保真模拟。但是，媒体丰富性理论和解释性层次理论表明，以更丰富，更具体的格式（视频格式）呈现的情况描述将减少内在要求的不确定性，并有助于人们了解当前和现在都在发生情况。因此，我们假设这种情况在视频情况描述中，判断比在文本情况描述中更重要。我们调整了领导SJT，以实现对象之间设计为3（项目词干中的情况描述：视频与文本vs.无）×2（响应格式：视频响应选项与文本响应选项）（N  = 279）。参与者被随机分配到六个条件之一。删除项目词干中基于视频的情况描述会导致SJT分数下降，因为删除项目词干中基于文本的情况描述（基于视频的情况：Cohen d  = 0.535与基于文本的情况：Cohen's d = 0.531）。SJT分数还取决于情况描述和响应选项的呈现格式：以相同格式呈现情况描述和响应选项时，观察到最高分数。讨论了SJT理论和研究的意义。