ABSTRACT

Starting from a theoretical model of the generation of value in a knowledge-based economy, we explore the local management of immaterial resources in a post-industrial economy. To address this question, we analyse the management of immaterial commons in four representative locations of the artisanal fishing space of southern Chile, specifically the production of two marine species: sea urchins and the local mussel known as chorito. In this analysis, we observe two patterns through which global and/or local elites co-opt the symbolic value generated by local communities. In both cases, commercial intermediation operates as the basic conditioner of the whole process. On the one hand, the industrial and commercial links of the sea urchin production value chain generate a symbolic value through reference to the association established by global consumers with the landscape of Patagonia. On the other, in the case of choritos there is a symbolic substitution which implies the transformation or annulment of the local nature of immaterial resources in the minds of the same consumers. Both dynamics constitute an obliteration of the differentiation of the product, leading to a common result: over-exploitation of the natural resource and degradation of the environment.

抽象的

从知识型经济中价值创造的理论模型开始，我们探索后工业经济中非物质资源的本地管理。为了解决这个问题，我们分析了智利南部手工捕鱼空间中四个代表性地点的非物质共有地的管理，特别是两种海洋物种的生产：海胆和当地的贻贝（chorito）。在此分析中，我们观察到全球精英和/或地方精英通过两种模式选择当地社区产生的象征价值。在这两种情况下，商业中介都是整个过程的基本条件。一方面，海胆生产价值链的工商业链接通过参考全球消费者与巴塔哥尼亚的景观所建立的联系，产生了象征性的价值。另一方面，在墨西哥卷饼的情况下，存在象征性的替代，这意味着在同一消费者心目中非物质资源的本地性质的转变或废除。两种动力都消除了产品的差异，导致了一个共同的结果：对自然资源的过度开发和环境的退化。