Despite the anticipated benefits and the numerous announcements of pilot cases, we have seen very few successful implementations of blockchain technology (BCT) solutions in supply chains. Little is empirically known about the obstacles to blockchain adoption, particularly in a supply chain's interorganizational setting. In supply chains, blockchains' benefits, for example, BCT‐based tracking and tracing, are dependent on a critical mass of supply chain actors adopting the technology. While previous research has mainly been conceptual and has lacked both theory and empirical data, we propose a theory‐based model for interorganizational adoption of BCT. We use the proposed model to analyze a unique in‐depth revelatory case study. Our case study confirms previous conceptual work and reveals a paradox as well as several tensions between drivers for and against (positive and negative determining factors, respectively) of BCT adoption that must be managed in an interorganizational setting. In this vertical context, the adoption and integration decision of one supply chain actor recursively affects the adoption and integration decisions of the other supply chain actors. This paper contributes midrange theory on BCT in supply chain management (SCM), future research directions, and managerial insights on BCT adoption in supply chains.

中文翻译：

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斗争是真实的：供应链区块链案例中的见解

尽管获得了预期的好处并发布了许多试点案例，但在供应链中，我们几乎看不到区块链技术（BCT）解决方案的成功实施。从经验上对区块链采用的障碍知之甚少，特别是在供应链的组织间环境中。在供应链中，区块链的收益（例如，基于BCT的跟踪和追踪）取决于采用该技术的供应链参与者的关键数量。尽管先前的研究主要是概念性的，并且缺乏理论和经验数据，但我们提出了一种基于理论的BCT组织间采用模型。我们使用提出的模型来分析独特的深入启示性案例研究。我们的案例研究证实了先前的概念工作，并揭示了一个悖论，以及推动和反对采用BCT的驱动因素（分别为正面和负面的决定因素）之间的紧张关系，这些紧张关系必须在组织间环境中加以管理。在这种垂直背景下，一个供应链参与者的采用和整合决策会递归影响另一供应链参与者的采用和整合决策。本文为供应链管理（SCM）中的BCT的中端理论，未来的研究方向以及在供应链中采用BCT的管理见解做出了贡献。一个供应链参与者的采用和集成决策会递归影响另一供应链参与者的采用和集成决策。本文为供应链管理（SCM）中的BCT的中端理论，未来的研究方向以及在供应链中采用BCT的管理见解做出了贡献。一个供应链参与者的采用和集成决策会递归影响另一供应链参与者的采用和集成决策。本文为供应链管理（SCM）中的BCT的中端理论，未来的研究方向以及在供应链中采用BCT的管理见解做出了贡献。