The aim of this study was to re‐examine relations between dark traits and utilitarian moral judgement in sacrificial moral dilemmas by taking into account two contextual characteristics of dilemmas: the actor’s role in sacrificing (personal or impersonal involvement in inflicting harm) and the actor’s familiarity with the victim (a known or an unknown person). Results showed that all dark traits, except for psychopathy, obtained significant main and positive effects on utilitarian moral judgement. However, psychopathy and sadism obtained interaction effects with dilemma type, indicating the importance of the specific context of moral judgement in individuals with these traits. Furthermore, among all dark traits, only sadism showed an incremental contribution to utilitarian judgement over empathy and HEXACO traits, with the highest contribution to dilemmas that include personal harm. Results highlighted the role of enjoyment of cruelty in utilitarian moral judgement.

中文翻译：

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黑暗四面体特征对功利主义道德判断的影响：个人参与和与受害者熟悉的作用

本研究的目的是通过考虑困境的两个上下文特征来重新审视牺牲性道德困境中的黑暗特质与功利道德判断之间的关系：行为者在牺牲（个人或非个人参与造成伤害）中的角色以及行为者的熟悉度与受害者（已知或未知的人）一起。结果表明，除心理疾病外，所有其他黑暗特征都对功利主义道德判断产生了重要的积极影响。然而，精神病和虐待狂获得了两难境地类型的相互作用，表明在具有这些特征的个体中道德判断的特定背景非常重要。此外，在所有黑暗特质中，只有虐待狂对功利主义对移情和六面体特质的判断有逐渐增加的贡献，对包括人身伤害的困境做出最大贡献。结果强调了残酷享受在功利主义道德判断中的作用。