In this work, we propose an acoustic energy harvesting metamaterial consisting of an array of silicone rubber pillars and a PZT patch deposited on an ultrathin aluminum plate with several holes based on locally resonant mechanism. The resonance is formed by removing four pillars, drilling a few of holes and attaching the PZT patch on the aluminum plate. The strain energy originating from an incident acoustic wave is centralized in the resonant region, and the PZT patch is used to convert the elastic strain energy into electrical power. Numerical analysis and experimental results show that the proposed millimeter-scale harvester with holes obviously improves the effect of acoustic energy harvesting while performing at the subwavelength scale for sonic low-frequency environment (less than 1150Hz). In addition, the experimental results demonstrate that the maximum output voltage and power of the proposed acoustic energy harvesting system with 16 holes of 2mm radius are 3 and 10 times higher than those without holes at the resonant mode for 2Pa of incident acoustic pressure. Both the number and size of holes have a significant effect on the performance of acoustic energy harvesting. The advantages of the proposed structure are easy-to-machine and full of practicality, and it can be used in broad applications for low-frequency acoustic energy harvesting.

在这项工作中，我们提出了一种声能收集超材料，该材料由一系列硅橡胶柱和一个PZT贴片组成，该贴片沉积在基于局部共振机制的带有多个孔的超薄铝板上。通过去除四个支柱，钻一些孔并将PZT贴片附着在铝板上来形成共振。源自入射声波的应变能集中在谐振区域中，PZT贴片用于将弹性应变能转换为电能。数值分析和实验结果表明，所提出的带孔毫米级收割机在声低频环境（小于1150Hz）以亚波长级工作时，明显提高了声能收割的效果。此外，实验结果表明，在入射声压为2Pa的情况下，所建议的带有16个2mm半径的孔的声能采集系统的最大输出电压和功率分别比不带孔的声能采集系统高3倍和10倍。孔的数量和大小均对声能采集的性能产生重大影响。所提出的结构的优点是易于加工并且具有实用性，并且可以在低频声能收集的广泛应用中使用。孔的数量和大小均对声能采集的性能产生重大影响。所提出的结构的优点是易于加工并且具有实用性，并且可以在低频声能收集的广泛应用中使用。孔的数量和大小均对声能采集的性能产生重大影响。所提出的结构的优点是易于加工并且具有实用性，并且可以在低频声能收集的广泛应用中使用。