This paper examines the effectiveness of the smoke alarm obligation to reduce the fire risk in residential/domestic applications. This aspiration to improve fire safety has led to the introduction of the smoke alarm obligation into the building codes of several countries. The example chosen for analysis was the situation in Germany, because this case is to be considered highly informative as the mandatory installation of smoke alarms was introduced in Germany at different times in the 16 individual federal states—with detailed and clarified data providing very good analysis conditions from a statistical point of view. To analyse the effectiveness of this measure, the fire fatality risks (at home) before and after the introduction of the obligation to install smoke alarms are compared to one another. The change in risk provides information about the risk-related effectiveness of this measure. In addition to the incremental introduction of smoke alarm devices to new buildings, this procedure is also carried out for existing buildings. As the analysis shows, many lives are saved by this fire safety measure. The challenge of the analysis is to put clear data in the right context. This must be checked when the procedure is transferred to other countries.

本文研究了烟雾报警器在减少住宅/家庭应用中火灾风险方面的有效性。改善消防安全的愿望导致将烟雾报警义务引入了多个国家的建筑法规中。选择进行分析的示例是德国的情况，因为该案例被认为具有很高的参考价值，因为德国在16个联邦州的不同时间引入了强制性烟雾报警器，详细而清晰的数据提供了很好的分析从统计角度来看情况。为了分析该措施的有效性，将引入安装烟雾报警器的义务之前和之后（在家中）的火灾死亡风险相互比较。风险变化提供有关此措施与风险相关的有效性的信息。除了在新建筑物中逐步引入烟雾报警器外，还对现有建筑物执行此过程。分析表明，这种消防安全措施挽救了许多生命。分析的挑战是在正确的上下文中放置清晰的数据。当程序转移到其他国家时，必须对此进行检查。