Abstract

In the processes of water purification from organic matter, the biomass of biological activated carbon (BAC) can be used independently (separately from the carrier). In the present work, the enriched culture of microorganisms of biofilm biomass capable of effectively removing xenobiotics from more concentrated water solutions (45 mg/dm³) was obtained using the biofilm washed from the BAC laboratory filter, which has been used for several years for filtering 2-nitrophenol (NP) aqueous solution at a low concentration (8 ± 2 mg/dm³). The procedure of progressive adaptation, including moderate aeration, the stage of endogenous respiration and the elements of anaerobic system, was aimed at obtaining a specialized culture of microorganisms with enhanced survival rate, which would be able to increase the rate of NP destruction with each cycle of adaptation, to provide complete extraction of organic substrates and to prevent the accumulation of excessive concentrations of nitrates. The need of enriched biomass for the treatment of BAC regeneration wastewater arises occasionally. Hence, it is highly important to know the peculiarities of kinetics of biomass transition from the state of “maintenance” into the active state sufficient for effective destruction of the higher levels of xenobiotics, as well as the influence of additional substrates and biomass carriers on these processes. In the present work we have studied the effect of NP concentration, the NP/biomass concentration ratio and the form of biomass on the kinetics of xenobiotic extraction in a batch anaerobic process. Mathematical formulation of experimental data was performed in accordance with the Monod and Haldane/Andrews growth kinetics. During the progressive increase in the initial NP concentration (from 45–50 to 200 mg/dm³) based on the kinetic coefficients of the Haldane–Andrews equation, there was a change in the internal fermentative properties of microbial culture. The increase in specialization of the biomass is represented by a formal decrease in the values of the half-saturation constant K_s and an increase in the concentration inhibition constant K_i indicating the ability of the culture to adapt to assimilation of enhanced xenobiotic concentrations. The enriched native biomass adapted to 200 mg/dm³ of NP was effectively used for utilization of the waste from chemical regeneration of a laboratory BAC filter. Transition to the anoxic mode as the final stage of regeneration activated the groups of microorganisms capable of using nitrates as a terminal electron acceptor.

中文翻译：

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微生物生物质原生培养去除2-硝基苯酚动力学的特殊性

摘要

在从有机物中提纯水的过程中，生物活性炭（BAC）的生物质可以单独使用（与载体分开使用）。在目前的工作中，使用从BAC实验室过滤器中洗涤过的生物膜获得了能够有效地从更浓的水溶液（45 mg / dm ³）中去除异种生物的生物膜生物量微生物的富集培养，这种膜已经使用了几年。过滤低浓度（8±2 mg / dm ^3的2-硝基苯酚（NP）水溶液）。逐步适应的程序，包括适度的通气，内源性呼吸的阶段和厌氧系统的要素，旨在获得具有提高的存活率的微生物的专门培养，这将能够增加每个周期的NP破坏率的适应性，以提供对有机底物的完全提取，并防止积累过量浓度的硝酸盐。偶尔会需要富生物质来处理BAC再生废水。因此，了解生物量从“维持”状态转变为有效状态足以有效破坏更高水平的异种生物的活性状态的动力学特性非常重要，以及其他底物和生物质载体对这些过程的影响。在目前的工作中，我们研究了分批厌氧过程中NP浓度，NP /生物质浓度比和生物质形式对异种生物提取动力学的影响。实验数据的数学公式是根据Monod和Haldane / Andrews生长动力学进行的。在初始NP浓度逐渐增加的过程中（从45–50增至200 mg / dm³）基于Haldane-Andrews方程的动力学系数，微生物培养物的内部发酵特性发生了变化。半饱和常数K _s的形式上的减少和浓度抑制常数K _i的形式上的增加表示了生物质的专业化程度的提高，这表明了培养物适应同化异种生物浓度的能力。丰富的天然生物质适应200 mg / dm ³NP可以有效地利用实验室BAC过滤器化学再生产生的废物。过渡到缺氧模式作为再生的最后阶段，激活了能够使用硝酸盐作为末端电子受体的微生物群。