Purpose

This study aims to develop a new correlation method for prediction of in-flight wings deflections by integration of the experimental ground tests with computational fluid dynamics (CFD) analysis.

Design/methodology/approach

The ground test results are implemented in the curve fitting process to determine deflections at 66 specific points (SPs) on the front and rear wing torque box. By using the obtained deflections and the corresponding applied loads, an experimental deflection equation (EDE) for each point is established through the Castigliano’s theorem. The CFD aerodynamic loads of typical aircraft, which have been obtained earlier by the authors, are once again used in the current research. The total applied loads to each part are achieved via summation of inertia and aerodynamic loads. The obtained loads are transformed to the equivalent concentrated loads at the SPs. By substituting the concentrated load values in the EDEs, the SPs deflections are achieved for mentioned flight conditions. The resulted deflections and the corresponding input flight parameters, i.e. M and α, are incorporated into a linear regression method for development of the appropriate in-flight deflection equations (IFDEs). The validity of IFDEs is approved by comparing IFDEs’ deflections with the corresponding ones calculated through EDEs for different flight conditions.

Findings

As an alternative approach to the fairly expensive flight tests, the IFDEs can be used to predict the in-flight wing deflections with comparable degree of accuracy.

Originality/value

Prediction of actual wing deflections distributions without flight tests execution at any given flight condition.

中文翻译：

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实验与CFD分析相结合的飞行机翼挠度估算

目的

这项研究旨在通过将实验性地面测试与计算流体动力学（CFD）分析相结合，开发一种预测飞行中机翼变形的新相关方法。

设计/方法/方法

在曲线拟合过程中执行地面测试结果，以确定前翼和后翼扭矩箱上66个特定点（SP）的挠度。通过使用获得的挠度和相应的施加载荷，通过卡斯蒂利亚诺定理建立了每个点的实验挠度方程（EDE）。作者先前获得的典型飞机的CFD空气动力学载荷再次用于当前研究中。通过将惯性和空气动力负荷相加，可以得出施加在每个零件上的总负荷。将获得的载荷转换为SP处的等效集中载荷。通过将EDE中的集中载荷值替换为上述飞行条件的SP挠度。产生的偏转和相应的输入飞行参数，即。M和α被并入线性回归方法中，以开发适当的飞行中挠度方程（IFDE）。IFDE的有效性通过将IFDE的挠度与通过EDE在不同飞行条件下计算出的相应挠度进行比较而得到认可。

发现

作为相当昂贵的飞行测试的替代方法，IFDE可用于以相当的精度预测飞行中的机翼偏转。

创意/价值

在任何给定的飞行条件下不执行飞行测试的情况下，实际机翼挠度分布的预测。