Background: Pain is a common symptom in Parkinson's disease (PD) patients. Scales to rate pain in PD are marred by several flaws, either not being available in other languages or not specific for PD. Objectives: To assess the frequency of pain among bilingual Indian PD patients using “King's Parkinson's disease pain scale” (KPPS) and to validate it. Methods: We randomly administered KPPS in Hindi/English to all consecutive bilingual persons with PD. The results were appropriately analyzed. Results: A total of 119 PD patients were enrolled with a mean age of 64.34 (± 9.57) years. Median Hoehn and Yahr stage was 2 (42.85%). Pain was present in 62 (52.1%) PD patients. The most common type was musculoskeletal (74.19%). The mean total KPPS score was 16.02 ± 10.57. KPPS score was significantly higher in women and correlated positively with unified Parkinson's disease rating scale (UPDRS) part 2 and 4 scores (r = 0.27 and r = 0.25). Risk factors for pain were female gender, higher H and Y stage, total UPDRS score, and individual UPDRS part 3 and 4 scores. Difficulty falling asleep (P = 0.01), frequent awakenings (P = 0.01), diminished smell sensation (P = 0.003), diminished speech volume (P = 0.02), gait freezing (P = 0.03), and falls (P = 0.001) correlated with the presence of pain. The interclass correlation coefficient between the Hindi and English versions of KPPS was 0.835, while Bland–Altman analysis showed 96.7% agreement suggesting excellent correlation and validation. Conclusions: KPPS is an easy tool for characterization, scoring, and follow-up of pain in PD patients. The Hindi version has good agreement with the original English version.

中文翻译：

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使用国王帕金森病疼痛量表评估印度帕金森病患者的疼痛

背景：疼痛是帕金森病 (PD) 患者的常见症状。用于评估 PD 疼痛的量表存在一些缺陷，要么没有其他语言版本，要么不适用于 PD。目的：使用“国王帕金森病疼痛量表”（KPPS）评估双语印度 PD 患者的疼痛频率并对其进行验证。方法：我们对所有连续的双语 PD 患者随机使用印地语/英语的 KPPS。对结果进行了适当的分析。结果：共有 119 名 PD 患者入组，平均年龄为 64.34 (± 9.57) 岁。中位 Hoehn 和 Yahr 分期为 2 (42.85%)。62 名 (52.1%) PD 患者出现疼痛。最常见的类型是肌肉骨骼（74.19%）。平均总 KPPS 得分为 16.02 ± 10.57。女性的 KPPS 评分显着更高，并且与统一帕金森病评定量表 (UPDRS) 第 2 部分和第 4 部分评分呈正相关（r = 0.27 和 r = 0.25）。疼痛的危险因素是女性、较高的 H 和 Y 分期、UPDRS 总分以及个人 UPDRS 第 3 部分和第 4 部分的分数。入睡困难 ( P = 0.01)、频繁醒来 ( P = 0.01)、嗅觉减退 ( P = 0.003)、说话音量减低 ( P = 0.02)、步态僵硬 ( P= 0.03)，跌倒 ( P = 0.001) 与疼痛的存在相关。KPPS 的印地语和英语版本之间的类间相关系数为 0.835，而 Bland-Altman 分析显示 96.7% 的一致性表明良好的相关性和验证。结论： KPPS 是 PD 患者疼痛表征、评分和随访的简便工具。印地语版本与英文原版有很好的一致性。