The Mars rover Curiosity carries an instrument called ChemCam to determine the composition of the soil and rocks via laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS). Los Alamos National Laboratory has developed a simulation capability that can predict spectra from ChemCam, but there are major-scale differences between the prediction and observation. This presents a challenge when using Bayesian model calibration to determine the unknown physical parameters that describe the LIBS observations. We present an analysis of LIBS data to support ChemCam based on including a structured discrepancy model in a Bayesian model-calibration scheme. This is both a novel application and an illustration of the importance of setting scientifically informed and constrained discrepancy models within Bayesian model calibration.

中文翻译：

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火星好奇号探测器上的ChemCam的贝叶斯模型校准中的结构差异

火星漫游者好奇号搭载一种名为ChemCam的仪器，可通过激光诱导击穿光谱法（LIBS）确定土壤和岩石的成分。洛斯阿拉莫斯国家实验室（Los Alamos National Laboratory）开发了一种仿真功能，可以从ChemCam预测光谱，但是在预测和观察之间存在较大的差异。当使用贝叶斯模型校准来确定描述LIBS观测值的未知物理参数时，这就提出了一个挑战。我们在基于贝叶斯模型校准方案的结构化差异模型基础上，对LIBS数据进行分析以支持ChemCam。这既是一种新颖的应用，又说明了在贝叶斯模型校准中设置科学依据和受约束的差异模型的重要性。