Copper (Cu) belongs to a class of heavy metals that play an essential part as a cofactor in cellular metabolism, participating in the metabolism of the respiratory chain and iron. It becomes harmful to fish above a certain concentration when its concentration reaches that of the biological requirement. Fish blood is prone to contamination and xenobiotic may be used as toxicity indexes for its alternation. This study was conducted to demonstrate the effect of copper sulfate (CuSO₄) on hematological and immunological parameters of African catfish with or without garlic extract incorporation into fish feed. Materials and methods: The experiments were carried out in four groups comprising 20 fish in each group, African catfish, Clarias gariepinus. The results declared signs of anemia in the copper sulfate treated group that represented in a significant decrease of RBCs, Hb content, PCV%, MCV, WBCs, lymphocytes, eosinophils, and immunological parameters, while a significant increase in MCHC values, heterophils, and monocytes when compared with the corresponding control group. For garlic extract supplemented groups either alone or in combination with copper sulfate treatment, there was a significant increase in RBCs, Hb, PCV%, MCV, WBCs and modulating the deranged differential leukocyte count and phagocytic activity as well as a serum level of nitric oxide, lysozyme activity and IgM due to copper toxicity. The hematology and immunity of C Gariepinus can be affected negatively by CuSO₄, causing numerous health and well-being disruptions. The introduction of garlic into fish feed has been found to enhance hematological parameters and immune-competent cell activity in this species, with increasing infection tolerance indicating the enhanced efficacy of garlic against the immunologic effects of CuSO₄ in fish.

铜（Cu）属于一类重金属，在细胞新陈代谢中作为辅助因子起着至关重要的作用，参与呼吸链和铁的新陈代谢。当其浓度达到生物学要求的浓度时，对鱼类有害。鱼血容易受到污染，异种生物可以用作其交替的毒性指标。进行这项研究以证明硫酸铜（CuSO ₄）对在有或没有将大蒜提取物掺入鱼饲料中的非洲cat鱼的血液学和免疫学参数的影响。材料和方法：实验分为四组，每组包括20条鱼，非洲cat鱼，Cl鱼（Clarias gariepinus）。结果表明，硫酸铜治疗组出现贫血迹象，表现为RBC，Hb含量，PCV％，MCV，WBC，淋巴细胞，嗜酸性粒细胞和免疫学参数显着降低，而MCHC值，异源性和单核细胞与相应对照组相比。对于单独或与硫酸铜联合治疗的大蒜提取物补充剂组，RBC，Hb，PCV％，MCV，WBC显着增加，并调节紊乱的差异性白细胞计数和吞噬活性以及血清一氧化氮水平，铜的毒性导致溶菌酶活性和IgM升高。CuSO ₄会负面影响Gariepinus的血液学和免疫力，造成许多健康和福祉中断。已发现将大蒜引入鱼饲料中可增强该物种的血液学参数和具有免疫能力的细胞活性，随着感染耐受性的提高，表明大蒜对鱼类中CuSO ₄免疫作用的功效增强。