We address the impact of the tropical environment on the human nervous system using the multifaceted approach characteristic of environmental neurology. First, environmental factors are examined according to their nature (physical, chemical and biological) and in relation to human activity and behavior. Some factors are specific to the tropics (climate and infections), while others are non-specific (chemicals, human communities and their way of life). Second, we examine the major role of human adaptation to the success of Homo sapiens, with emphasis on the linkage between thermoregulation and sleep-wake regulation. Third, we examine the performance of environmental neurology as a clinical discipline in tropical climates, with focus on the diagnostic and therapeutic challenges posed by human African trypanosomiasis. Finally, the prevention, early detection and monitoring of environmental neurological diseases is examined, as well as links with political and economic factors. In conclusion, practitioners of environmental neurology seek a global, multidisciplinary and holistic approach to understanding, preventing and treating neurological disorders within their purview. Environmental neurology integrates an expanded One Health concept by linking health and wellness to the interaction of plants, animals, humans and the ecosystem. Recent epidemics and the current COVID-19 pandemic exemplify the need for worldwide action to protect human health and biodiversity.

中文翻译：

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热带环境神经病学

我们使用环境神经病学的多方面方法来解决热带环境对人类神经系统的影响。首先，根据其性质（物理、化学和生物）以及与人类活动和行为的关系检查环境因素。有些因素是热带地区特有的（气候和感染），而另一些则是非特异性的（化学品、人类社区及其生活方式）。其次，我们研究了人类适应对智人成功的主要作用，重点是体温调节和睡眠-觉醒调节之间的联系。第三，我们研究了环境神经学作为热带气候临床学科的表现，重点关注人类非洲锥虫病带来的诊断和治疗挑战。最后，预防，对环境神经系统疾病的早期检测和监测以及与政治和经济因素的联系进行了检查。总之，环境神经病学的从业者寻求一种全球性、多学科和整体的方法来理解、预防和治疗其职权范围内的神经系统疾病。环境神经学通过将健康与健康与植物、动物、人类和生态系统的相互作用联系起来，整合了扩展的 One Health 概念。最近的流行病和当前的 COVID-19 大流行证明了需要采取全球行动来保护人类健康和生物多样性。了解、预防和治疗其职权范围内的神经系统疾病的多学科和整体方法。环境神经学通过将健康与健康与植物、动物、人类和生态系统的相互作用联系起来，整合了扩展的 One Health 概念。最近的流行病和当前的 COVID-19 大流行证明了需要采取全球行动来保护人类健康和生物多样性。了解、预防和治疗其职权范围内的神经系统疾病的多学科和整体方法。环境神经学通过将健康与健康与植物、动物、人类和生态系统的相互作用联系起来，整合了扩展的 One Health 概念。最近的流行病和当前的 COVID-19 大流行证明了需要采取全球行动来保护人类健康和生物多样性。