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Insight into occupancy determinants and conflict dynamics of grey wolf (Canis lupus) in the dry temperate zone of Hindukush Range
Global Ecology and Conservation ( IF 4 ) Pub Date : 2020-12-19 , DOI: 10.1016/j.gecco.2020.e01402
Ejaz Ur Rehman , Jaffar Ud Din , Shakeel Ahmad , Shoaib Hameed , Khurshid Ali Shah , Tahir Mehmood , Muhammad Ali Nawaz

The grey wolf (Canis lupus) is a widespread but locally endangered species across Pakistan. The current study investigates the occupancy of grey wolf and conflict with humans in Khanbari Valley Gilgit Baltistan. The study was conducted from the 5th of December 2014 to the 11th of January 2015. The study area was delineated into blocks following natural watersheds, and overall 47 motion-triggered cameras were installed in various locations encompassing an area of 810 km2 with an effort of 1428 trap nights. A human-wolf conflict survey was carried out through questionnaires, where 57 respondents were randomly chosen from 08 villages in the valley. Grey wolf was photo-captured at 11 different camera stations, occupancy estimated at 0.37 ± 0.22 S.E., and detection probability of 0.29 ± 0.19 S.E was obtained. A total of 166 livestock were killed which incurred an economic loss of USD 17,046 (USD 299 per household) in five years. Predation on goat was highest, though consumed as per availability. Sheep predation indicates selection for this animal because predation was much higher than availability. Cattle was predated as per availability and accounts for the least part of the livestock loss. Predation of livestock was greatly influenced by four factors: habitat, prey type, prey age, and time of predation. We recommend conservation initiatives like compensation for economic losses, construction of predator-proof corrals, and awareness campaigns to promote human-wolf co-existence in the area.



中文翻译:

洞察欣杜库什山脉干燥温带的灰太狼(Canis lupus)的占用决定因素和冲突动态

灰狼(Canis lupus)是巴基斯坦境内一种广泛但局部濒危的物种。当前的研究调查了汉巴里河谷吉尔吉特·巴尔的斯坦的灰太狼的居住情况以及与人类的冲突。该研究于2014年12月5至2015年1月11进行。研究区域被划为自然流域之后的块状区域,并且在包括810 km 2在内的不同位置安装了总共47个运动触发摄像机经过1428次诱捕之夜的努力。通过问卷调查进行了人狼冲突调查,从山谷中的08个村庄中随机选择了57名受访者。灰太狼在11个不同的摄影机上进行了照片捕捉,估计占用率为0.37±0.22 SE,并且获得的检测概率为0.29±0.19 SE。五年共杀死了166头牲畜,经济损失为17,046美元(每户299美元)。尽管根据可获得性消耗,但对山羊的捕食最高。绵羊的捕食表明已选择该动物,因为捕食比可利用量高得多。牛是根据可获得性预先捕食的,占牲畜损失的最小部分。牲畜的捕食受到四个因素的极大影响:栖息地,猎物类型,猎物年龄和捕食时间。

更新日期:2021-01-02
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