Abstract

We studied the component composition of the essential oil of garden sage (Salvia officinalis L.), obtained by various extraction methods. Essential oils were obtained by hydrodistillation and subcritical CO₂ extraction, supercritical fluid extraction, and subcritical extraction with solid-phase and liquid–liquid preconcentration. The components were identified by comparing the recorded mass spectra with the spectra of individual compounds and the data of the NIST07 and WILEY8 data bases. For all extraction methods, the major essential oil components were 1,8-cineole, camphor, α-thujone, β-thujone, borneol, 4-terpineol, β-caryophyllene, β-caryophyllene oxide, and viridiflorol. The concentration of analytes in the extracts varied depending on the extraction method. In total, 104 components were identified in the extracts, of which 30 were extracted by hydrodistillation, 32 by subcritical CO₂ extraction, 14 by supercritical fluid extraction, 46 and 62 by subcritical extraction with solid-phase and liquid–liquid extraction into the organic phase. An increase in the number of components in more stringent extraction methods as compared to hydrodistillation showed that, in the extracts, a deeper decomposition of macrocomponents might take place, except for camphor.

中文翻译：

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不同提取方法分离的鼠尾草精油成分的鉴定与测定

摘要

我们研究了通过各种提取方法获得的鼠尾草（Salvia officinalis L.）精油的成分组成。通过加氢蒸馏和亚临界CO ₂获得精油固相和液-液预浓缩进行萃取，超临界流体萃取和亚临界萃取。通过比较记录的质谱图与各个化合物的质谱图以及NIST07和WILEY8数据库的数据，可以鉴定出这些成分。对于所有提取方法，主要的精油成分为1,8-桉树脑，樟脑，α-丁酮，β-丁酮，冰片，4-萜品醇，β-石竹烯，β-石竹烯氧化物和viridiflorol。提取物中分析物的浓度根据提取方法而变化。提取物中共鉴定出104种成分，其中30种通过加氢蒸馏法提取，32种通过亚临界CO ₂提取。萃取，通过超临界流体萃取进行萃取14次，通过亚临界萃取并通过固相萃取和液相萃取到有机相萃取46和62次。与加氢蒸馏相比，更严格的萃取方法中组分的数量增加表明，在萃取物中，除樟脑外，可能会发生大分子组分的更深层分解。