It is well known that grammatical gender systems may change historically. Previous research has documented loss of the feminine gender in several Norwegian dialects, including those spoken in Oslo and Tromso (Lodrup in Maal og Minne 2:120–136, 2011; Rodina and Westergaard in J Ger Linguist 27(2):145–187 2015). In these dialects, the change is characterized by replacement of the feminine indefinite article ei (e.g., ei bok ‘a book’) with the masculine form en (e.g., en bok). Child and adult native speakers of the Trondheim dialect (N = 71) participated in two production experiments that tested gender marking in indefinite and double definite forms, using an identical methodology to the Tromso study. Results show that both children and adults are affected by the change. The Trondheim-Tromso comparison reveals that the change is more advanced in the Trondheim dialect. We conclude that the loss of the feminine gender reflects a general development taking place across a number of dialects at the current time, presumably due to the high prestige of a spoken variety of one of the written standards of Norwegian.

中文翻译：

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挪威语中女性性别的丧失：方言比较

众所周知，语法性别系统可能会在历史上发生变化。先前的研究记录了几种挪威方言中女性性别的丧失，包括奥斯陆和特罗姆瑟的方言（Maal og Minne 中的 Lodrup 2:120–136, 2011；J Ger Linguist 27(2):145–187 中的 Rodina 和 Westergaard 2015）。在这些方言中，变化的特点是将阴性不定冠词 ei（例如 ei bok 'a book'）替换为阳性形式 en（例如 en bok）。以特隆赫姆方言为母语的儿童和成人（N = 71）参与了两个生产实验，这些实验使用与特罗姆瑟研究相同的方法来测试不定和双定形式的性别标记。结果表明，儿童和成人都受到这种变化的影响。特隆赫姆-特罗姆瑟的比较表明，特隆赫姆方言的变化更为先进。我们得出的结论是，女性性别的消失反映了当前许多方言的普遍发展，这大概是由于挪威语书面标准之一的口语变体的高声望。