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The Joneses in Japan: income comparisons and financial satisfaction
The Japanese Economic Review ( IF 0.776 ) Pub Date : 2020-01-21 , DOI: 10.1007/s42973-019-00036-5
Andrew E. Clark 1 , Claudia Senik 1 , Katsunori Yamada 2
Affiliation  

This paper uses relatively large-scale internet survey data from Japan to analyse income comparisons and income satisfaction. In contrast to the vast majority of empirical work in the area of subjective well-being, we are able to measure both the direction (to whom?) and intensity (how much?) dimensions of income comparisons. Relative to Europeans, the Japanese compare more to friends and less to colleagues, and compare their incomes more. The relationship between satisfaction and reference-group income is negative and more negative for those who say that they compare their incomes more. Our main finding concerns the measure of the relevant reference-group income. It is common in non-experimental work to calculate “others’ income” as some conditional or unconditional cell-mean, with the cells being defined by neighbourhood, workplace or demographic type. We show that two such cell-mean measures (one from within the dataset, the other matched in from external sources) fit the well-being data worse than does a simple self-reported measure of what relevant others earn. The self-reported measure of others’ income would arguably make a useful addition to many existing surveys.



中文翻译:

日本的琼斯:收入比较和财务满意度

本文使用日本比较大规模的互联网调查数据,分析收入比较和收入满意度。与主观幸福感领域的绝大多数实证工作相比,我们能够衡量收入比较的方向(对谁?)和强度(多少?)维度。相对于欧洲人,日本人更多地比较朋友而不是同事,并且更多地比较他们的收入。满意度和参考群体收入之间的关系是负的,对于那些说他们更多地比较他们的收入的人来说,这种关系更负。我们的主要发现涉及相关参照组收入的测量。在非实验工作中,将“其他人的收入”计算为一些有条件或无条件的单元均值是很常见的,单元由邻域定义,工作场所或人口统计类型。我们展示了两个这样的单元平均测量(一个来自数据集中,另一个来自外部来源)比一个简单的自我报告的相关其他人赚取的测量更适合幸福数据。对其他人收入的自我报告测量可以说是对许多现有调查的有用补充。

更新日期:2020-01-21
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