The present study explores the incidental learning of formulaic sequences (FS) from audio-visual input and factors affecting the learning of FS. A pretest-posttest, within-participant design was adopted. English-as-a-foreign-language learners (L1 = Dutch; n = 42) watched a one-hour English-language documentary without subtitles. Learning gains were measured at the level of form recall and meaning recall. Significant learning gains were found in both the form recall and meaning recall tests, indicating that several knowledge aspects of FS can be learned incidentally from audio-visual input. The findings also revealed a positive relationship between learners’ prior vocabulary knowledge and the learning gains. Further, several item-related factors affected the learning gains (e.g., collocate-node relationship, frequency). Finally, the findings showed the incremental nature of learning FS, as preknowledge of the meaning of the FS prior to the TV viewing was the strongest predictor of learning the form of FS.

中文翻译：

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通过观看 L2 电视学习公式序列和影响学习的因素

本研究探讨了从视听输入中偶然学习公式化序列 (FS) 以及影响 FS 学习的因素。采用了前测后测、参与者内的设计。英语作为外语的学习者（L1 = 荷兰语；n = 42）观看了一个一小时的没有字幕的英语纪录片。学习收益是在形式回忆和意义回忆的水平上衡量的。在形式回忆和意义回忆测试中都发现了显着的学习收益，表明可以从视听输入中偶然学习到 FS 的几个知识方面。研究结果还揭示了学习者先前的词汇知识与学习成果之间的正相关关系。此外，一些与项目相关的因素影响了学习增益（例如，搭配节点关系、频率）。最后，