ABSTRACT

The purposes of this paper are: to assess how comprehensive sexuality education (CSE) is implemented in schools in the World Health Organisation’s European Region; and to investigate the evidence supporting its effectiveness. Data were collected in 2016–2017, using a validated questionnaire sent to representatives of governmental and nongovernmental institutions in 25 countries of the WHO European Region. Theresults demonstrated that, in nine countries, sexuality education can be classified as comprehensive; in ten countries it is non-comprehensive; in four countries there is no programme in place; and two countries were excluded from theanalysis. In contrast to non-comprehensive sexuality educationprogrammes, CSE programmes address a wider range of topics, including the social, emotional and interpersonal aspects of sexuality. Furthermore, teachers are more often trained to deliver sexuality education and participatory teachingmethods are widely used. CSE programmes are more valued by pupils as a source of information on sexuality, based on national survey results. The availability of CSE programmes coincides with more effective contraceptive use andlower teenage fertility rates. However, more rigorous research is needed to establish a causal relationship between CSE and adolescent sexual and reproductive health indicators.

抽象的

本文的目的是：评估世界卫生组织欧洲地区学校如何实施全面的性教育（CSE）；并调查支持其有效性的证据。在2016-2017年期间，使用经验证的问卷发送给世卫组织欧洲区域25个国家的政府和非政府机构代表，收集了数据。结果表明，在九个国家中，性教育可被归类为全面性教育。在十个国家，这是不全面的；在四个国家中，没有适当的计划；分析排除了两个国家。与不全面的性教育计划相反，CSE计划涉及更广泛的主题，包括性的社会，情感和人际交往方面。此外，教师经常接受过性教育方面的培训，参与式教学方法得到了广泛使用。根据国家调查结果，学生更喜欢CSE计划作为性信息的来源。CSE计划的推出与更有效的避孕方法使用和更低的青少年生育率相吻合。但是，需要更严格的研究来建立CSE与青少年性健康和生殖健康指标之间的因果关系。