The purpose of this meta-analysis was to provide a comprehensive quantitative review of research to date on the antecedents of psychological and organizational safety climate. Building upon and expanding Zohar’s conceptual model, antecedents were organized into three broad categories: situational factors, interpersonal interactions, and personal factors. Data were gleaned from 136 primary studies to calculate effect sizes for 38 antecedents and the relative importance of each antecedent within the three categories. Antecedent effect sizes were generally homologous for psychological and organizational safety climate, with the strongest effect sizes for interpersonal interactions followed by organizational climate and leadership. The magnitude of the safety climate antecedent effect sizes tended to be stronger in health-care industry studies and varied inconsistently as a function of the industry-specific nature of the safety climate measure. This meta-analysis provides a much needed summary of the research to date in an effort to guide future research and practice on the development and improvement of safety climate in organizations.

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安全气氛如何形成？对安全气候前因的荟萃分析

这项荟萃分析的目的是对迄今为止有关心理和组织安全环境的前因研究进行全面的定量审查。在Zohar的概念模型的基础上并加以扩展，前因被分为三大类：情境因素，人际互动和个人因素。从136项主要研究中收集数据，以计算38个先行词的效应量以及这三个类别中每个先行词的相对重要性。在心理和组织安全气氛中，前者效应大小通常是相同的，在人际交往中，影响力大小最强的是组织气氛和领导力。在卫生保健行业研究中，安全气候前因效应的大小趋于增强，并且根据安全气候措施的特定行业性质而变化不一。这项荟萃分析提供了迄今为止最需要的研究总结，以指导未来关于组织中安全气候的发展和改善的研究和实践。