Whistleblowing is the disclosure of ingroup wrongdoing to an external agency and can have important functions for the regulation of moral and legal conduct. Organizational research has focused largely on the impact of individual and organizational factors, while overlooking the role of group memberships and associated social identities. Further, social psychologists have so far paid little attention to this phenomenon, or else have tended to subsume it within analysis of dissent. To address these lacunae, we present a psychological model of whistleblowing that draws on social identity theorizing (after Tajfel & Turner, 1979). This model describes when and how social identities and different forms of power motivate group members to respond to ingroup wrongdoing by engaging in whistleblowing. Our review of the literature points to the model’s ability to integrate existing evidence while providing direction for future research. We also discuss the model’s capacity to inform whistleblowing policy and procedures.

中文翻译：

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举报的社会心理：一个综合模型

举报是向外部机构披露集团内不法行为的举报，它对于规范道德和法律行为具有重要作用。组织研究主要集中在个人和组织因素的影响上，而忽略了团体成员身份和相关社会身份的作用。此外，迄今为止，社会心理学家很少关注这种现象，或者倾向于将其归入对异议的分析中。为了解决这些不足，我们提出了一种基于社会身份理论的举报心理学模型（在Tajfel＆Turner，1979年之后）。该模型描述了何时以及如何通过社会身份认同和不同形式的权力来激励群体成员通过举报来应对群体内的不当行为。我们对文献的回顾指出了该模型整合现有证据的能力，同时为未来的研究提供了方向。我们还将讨论该模型告知举报政策和程序的能力。